Jean-Claude Risset
Jean -Claude Risset ( born March 18, 1938 in Le Puy -en -Velay ) is a French composer of both classical and electronic music pioneer in computer music ( with John Chowning, Max Mathews ).
Life
Risset studied 1957-1961 at the Ecole Normale Superieure mathematics and physics and at the same piano and composition with André Jolivet. In 1967 he received his doctorate there. In addition to the composition of classical music (such as Prélude for orchestra 1963) he turned to experimental computer generated music during a stay in 1965 ( and 1967 to 1969 ) at Bell Laboratories with Max Mathews, the Music IV software he for the computer-generated production of brass used and the design of psychoacoustic paradoxes. After his return he built in 1970 at the Faculty of the University of Paris in Orsay a studio for computer music on and took over at the invitation of Pierre Boulez after the founding of IRCAM 1975 to 1979, the department computer music. 1969 to 1972 he was with the CNRS in Marseille, where he was in Marseille from 1985 director of research at the Laboratoire de Mécanique of the CNRS. In 1999, he was there emeritus research director. He also taught from 1972 to 1975 and from 1979 to 1985 at the University of Marseille, where he set up a computer music studio, and lectured around the world, for example in Argentina, Australia, the USA, Japan, Finland.
He uses computer methods for producing sounds in his compositions as Little Boy (1968), Mutations ( 1970) Songes (1979 ), Sud ( 1984). He mixes classical instrumentalists and vocalists with computer music, as in Duo pour un pianiste, written as Artist in Residence at the MIT Media Lab in 1989, in which a pianist is accompanied on the same piano from a computer that responds to him. He also wrote classical music for orchestra, piano music, chamber music, choral and vocal music and ballet music.
His psychoacoustic paradoxes involves a continuous variant of the Shepard scale ( Shepard - Risset glissando, by Risset and Roger Shepard ), which ( like some pictures of MC Escher) sounds infinitely ascending, although after twelve semitones the output note is again reached. The reason is that the envelope of the harmonics will be automatically moved along with the pitch. Risset produced similar effects with rhythms so that the pace seems to continually increases or decreases.
Risset won among them the Golden Nica at Ars Electronica in Linz ( 1987), the Grand Prix National de la Musique (1990 ), 1997 the EAR Price in Budapest, in 1995 the Grand Prix Musica Nova in Prague, 1996, the Ars Nova Price in Prague and in 1999 the gold medal of the CNRS. On the Concours International de Musique Electroacoustique in Bourges in 1980 he won the first prize, in 1982 the euphony d'Or and the Prix theund 1998 Magisterium. In 1981 he received the Grand Prix SACEM for symphonic music. He is an officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (1986) and Knight of the Legion of Honour (1989). In 1994 he received an honorary doctorate in Edinburgh and 2000 in Cordoba.
Writings
- An introductory catalog of computer Synthesized sounds, 1969, 2nd edition, 1995 Wergo