Job production

The single production is a production type in which usually only one unit of a product is produced simultaneously. No product is essentially similar or nearly totally to the other.

Types of individual production

With the single production A distinction

One- to-order production: In this type of production every product is designed and manufactured as unique, such as the Golden Gate Bridge.
Repeated individual manufacturing: A product is made repeated basis, the break between the production times is so large that the necessary production facilities not kept ready for use at this time, but are degraded such as shipbuilding.

Features

Single production is contract manufacturing. That is, it is made not for an anonymous market with various potential buyers, but for a concrete present a customer request. The individual production is therefore dependent on the capacity and on the technical possibilities of the equipment. There are no fixed production program.
Companies with individual production require -purpose production equipment and a large machinery so that they can respond to different customer needs. In addition, the production must be quickly convert.
Farms with individual production need well trained and qualified staff who are flexible.
The production organization of companies with individual production is mostly a workshop production, which is characterized by spatial concentration.
The classical process types for individual manufacturing systems are "make to order" and "assemble to order".

Benefits

The fulfillment of individual and unusual customer requests is possible.
The company can adapt to changing market situations quickly.
Increase the satisfaction and motivation of personnel due to the diversity of products that are manufactured.

Disadvantages

Through individual production results in high unit costs.
The customer must accept long delivery times if needed to manufacture items of a product is not immediately available.

Examples

Single production occurs primarily in machinery, such as shipbuilding, often in machine tool manufacturing, plant engineering, in the construction industry ( residential construction, bridge construction ) but also in the skilled trades, such as custom-made clothes and shoes. When complete new designs in which little can be made of existing drawings, BOMs and routings, one speaks also of special -order production. Also in the production of dentures are custom-made of a dentist or dental laboratories. Single production in research and development is called prototyping.

Other types of manufacturing

Other types of manufacturing are the series production, the variety production and mass production.