Johann Heinrich Tischbein
Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder ( born October 3 in 1722 in Haina, † August 22, 1789 in Kassel, called the Kassel ) was one of the most renowned painters and one of the greatest portraitists of the 18th century.
Life
Tischbein was the most important member of the highly gifted, over four generations ranging family of painters table leg. He was co-founder and teacher of painting at the Kassel Art Academy and evolves according to the current time flow to a unique protagonist ( champion ) of early classicism in Germany. He was court painter in Kassel and produced mainly portraits, but also mythological scenes, history paintings and landscapes. His life's work includes more than 300 paintings. According to Meyer's Big Encyclopedia of 1984, he is regarded as the most excellent painter of portraits of women.
Tischbein was the son of the baker Johann Heinrich Tischbein and Susanne Margaretha Hinsing. After a painting apprenticeship from 1736 to 1741 in Kassel with the wallpaper painter carpenter and Johann Georg von Freese ( 1701-1775 ) he was in the service of smaller princely courts. In 1743 he was supported financially by Count Johann Philipp von Stadion, to Paris and became a pupil of Carle van Loo ( 1705-1765 ). 1749, he traveled to Venice to Gian Battista Piazzetta ( 1682-1754 ). 1750/51 he was in Rome. 1753 he was appointed court painter to the Landgrave William VIII of Hesse- Kassel. At the same time, work on the Landgrave Wilhelm summer palace Thal began here leaves Tischbein total of 66 paintings, including the " Gallery of Beauties ". During the French occupation from 1756 to 1762, he fled with different stays. In 1762 he became a professor at the newly founded Collegium Carolinum Academy in Kassel. In between, he spent some time at the Swabian " Musenhof " at Graf Stadion at Castle Warthausen to Biberach an der Riss.
Through his friendship with Klopstock and his brother temporarily based in Hamburg, he was closely associated with the Hanseatic city. He was in his first marriage ( October 31, 1756 ) with the law firm secretary daughter Marie Sophie Robert (d. 1759), with their youngest sister, Anne Marie Pernette Robert, married his second wife in 1763. Johann Heinrich Tischbein was (as well as his nephew Johann Friedrich August), a member of the Masonic Lodge to winning lion in Kassel.
Among his most famous paintings Artemisia (72 x 95 cm, oil on linen) sat him in 1775 eighteen year old Countess Auguste Reuss to Ebersdorf model; it was considered one of the most beautiful women of her time.
Works
- Resurrection ( 1763), altar painting of St. Michaelis Church (Hamburg), burned 1906
- Transfiguration ( 1765 ), Lutheran Church in Kassel
- Passion and Ascension cycle ( 1778) for the Catholic Church of St. Elisabeth in Kassel, parts today in the Cathedral Museum Fulda
- Descent from the Cross and the Assumption (1787 ), altar painting of St. Jakobi Church ( Stralsund )
- Christ on the Mount of Olives (1788 ), Kloster Haina
- Self-portrait with his first wife
- Portrait of the actress Everard
- Portrait of the poet Philippine Engelhard born Gatterer
- The Landgrave Frederick II
- Allegory establishing the Kassel Academy
- Hercules and Omphale
- May Day at Good Freienhagen