Johannes Aavik

John Aavik (born 26 Novemberjul / December 8 1880greg in the village Randvere, community Kõiguste, then parish Pöide / island of Saaremaa;. . † March 18, 1973 in Stockholm / Sweden) was an Estonian linguist and writer.

Training

Aavik John was the son of the writer community Mihkel Aavik (1844-1909) and his wife Ann (1849-1918) was born. He grew up in the island's capital, Kuressaare. From 1898 to 1902 he attended the local grammar school boys. After high school he studied languages ​​and linguistics at the University of Tartu (1902 /03 ), at the Institute of History and Philology Nizhyn ( 1903-1905 ) and at the University of Helsinki ( 1906-1910 ).

Language teacher

From 1919 to 1926 he worked at the School of Kuressaare as a language teacher; in addition also in Tartu (1919-1922) and Yalta (1910 /11). In the editorial of the newspaper Postimees 1912-1914 he was active in journalism. From 1926 to 1934 Aavik was a lecturer in Estonian at the University of Tartu and Tartu teacher at a high school. From 1933 to 1940 he was a lecturer at the University of Tartu. From 1934 he was also the voice speaker ( Chief Inspector for schools) of the Estonian Educational and Social Ministry and 1940/41, worked as an editor in a publishing house. During this time he lived in Nõmme, now a district of Tallinn.

Exile

With the Soviet occupation of Estonia Johannes Aavik succeeded in 1944 to escape to Sweden. He has worked in Stockholm as an archive staff. From 1945 to 1952 he was a lecturer at the University of Stockholm. He also worked as a translator and published scientific papers said.

Linguist and writer

John Aavik is one of the most influential founders of modern Estonian language in its present form. He devoted himself to the revival movement of the Estonian language, especially in the expansion of vocabulary, morphology and syntax. His program he introduced in 1912 in Scripture Tuleviku Eesti keel - ( " The Estonian language of the future " ) before. Especially from the Finnish language, he introduced numerous loanwords. His work has modernized the Estonian language, but simultaneously towards the Finno- Ugric roots. He was also in the literary movement Noor - Eesti ( Young Estonia) active. Aavik was a close friend of the Estonian writer peace Tuglas always and Gustav Suits.

In addition, John Aavik is an outstanding translator of works from Finnish, French, English and Russian known ( Aino Kallas, Juhani Aho, Guy de Maupassant, Paul Bourget, Edgar Allan Poe and Ivan Turgenev ).

Main works

  • Eesti kirjakeele täiendamise abinõudest (1905 )
  • Ruth ( story under the pseudonym J. Randvere, 1909)
  • Keele kaunima kõlavuse poole In: Eesti Kirjandus 1912, pp. 451-484
  • Eesti keel rahvusliku suurteose (1914 )
  • Eesti kirjakeelse stiili arenemise järgud In: Noor - Eesti V, Tartu 1915, pp. 216-229
  • Eesti luule viletsused (1915 )
  • Keel yes kirjandus In: Sõna, Tartu 1918, pp. 72-78.
  • Uute sõnade sõnastik ( Neologistisches Dictionary, 1919)
  • Uute yes vähem tuntud sõnade sõnastik ( Dictionary, 1921)
  • Puudused uuemas eesti luules ( Poetics, 1922)
  • Keeleuuenduse äärmised võimalused (1924 )
  • Kuidas suhtuda " Kalevipojale " (1933 )
  • Eesti õigekeelsuse Opik yes grammatical ( spelling and grammar, 1936)
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