John N. Shive

John Northrup Shive ( born February 22, 1913 in Baltimore, † 1 June 1984) was an American physicist and inventor.

He grew up in New Jersey, earned his BS in 1934 in Physics and Chemistry from Rutgers University in 1939 and his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University with a thesis on the modulation of Geiger counters ( Practice and theory of the modulation of Geiger counters ). From 1939 he was at Bell Laboratories.

At Bell Laboratories, he conducted research on semiconductor and experimented in 1948 with peak transistors. He also discovered in experiments with gold electrodes on both sides of a thin germanium layer (thickness 0.01 cm), that defect electrons diffuse through the material (and not only at the surface). He gave this internally on February 18, 1948 in Bell Labs known. This was a substantial confirmation of the feasibility of a transistor consists of two pn junctions ( junction transistor), an idea that had been developed by William Bradford Shockley at Bell Labs shortly before, but he'd still keep it to himself until the discovery of Shive him prompted her to reveal. Shockley and J. Richard Haynes showed soon after Shines that it was indeed positive minority carriers in n- type germanium. Side by side on this article appeared in Physical Review Articles by Shive.

In 1948 he invented the phototransistor, it was published only on March 30, 1950 by Bell Laboratories. They were then still in development and have been used by Bell Laboratories in 1953 in punched card readers in telephone exchanges.

Later he was Director of the Department Education and Training at Bell Labs invented here and a wave machine that in many physics collections of demonstration experiments and science museums found its way later. Bell Labs was about 1959 a movie out, and later a companion book.

He was a Fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Writings

• The Properties, Physics and Design of Semiconductor Devices. Van Nostrand, Princeton, N. J. In 1959.
• Similarities of Wave Behavior. 1961 (created for the Bell Telephone Laboratories for training purposes ).
• Physics of Solid State Electronics. C.E. Merrill, Columbus, Ohio 1966.
• With Robert L. Weber: Similarities in Physics. Wiley, 1982, ISBN 0-85274-540-0.