John Peter Richardson II
John Peter Richardson II ( born April 14, 1801 Clarendon County, South Carolina; † January 24, 1864 in Fulton, South Carolina ) was an American politician and 1840-1842 Governor of the State of South Carolina.
Early years and political rise
John Richardson was born into a prominent political family in South Carolina. Among his relatives were four other governors of South Carolina, the surname of either Richardson or Manning. Young John first attended the Moses Waddel 's School in Willington and then studied at the South Carolina College in Columbia, which later became the University of South Carolina. After studying law and admitted to the bar he practiced in Fulton. Between 1825 and 1834 he was a member of the House of Representatives of South Carolina. He was also a delegate to the 1832 Convention, which meets who discussed the Nullifikationskrise. It is noteworthy that Richardson was not a supporter of Nullifikationsbewegung he is so attempts to put federal laws for South Carolina repealed resisted. From 1834 to 1836 he was a member of the Senate of South Carolina; 1836 to 1839 he represented his state in the U.S. House of Representatives in Washington.
Governor of South Carolina
Late 1830s the Whig party gained significantly more influence at the federal level. In 1840, they won even with William Henry Harrison in the presidential elections. In South Carolina, it was feared that the Whigs would the north before share and introduce new protective duties to the detriment of the South. For this reason, they wanted to create a counterweight. Therefore in 1832 staring in the Nullifikationskrise opposites within the Democratic Party have been removed. Both factions agreed on a common political line. As a result, was elected governor with John Richardson, a candidate who had set himself in 1832 against the cancellation of the federal laws. Considerable contribution to these processes was Senator John C. Calhoun.
Richardson's term of office began on 10 December 1840 and ended two years later, on 1 December 1842. Richardson's biggest problem was the Bank of South Carolina. These rejected new legislation to regulate the banking system, which had been taken as a result of the economic crisis of 1837, categorically. The dispute over this question repeatedly went to court. In the last instance, the Bank was subject, but the conflict smouldered on for some time. A new Customs Law of the Federal government, which was enacted in 1842, made in South Carolina also for anxiety, although the reactions ten years earlier can not be compared with the Nullifikationskrise. It is also remarkable that the plans for the establishment of its own military academy were designed in South Carolina during the tenure of Governor Richardson. The Academy itself, which was named " The Citadel ", was opened in December 1842, a few weeks after the end of his tenure in Charleston. This Academy, which exists to this day, is. According to West Point, one of the most well-known U.S. military academies
Another Journey
Even after his retirement from the office of Governor Richardson remained politically active. He took in the 1850s participated in several conferences of the Southern States, which was discussed a way forward in the emerging conflict with the North. In December 1860 was John Richardson also a delegate to the Congress, which decided to exit South Carolina from the Union ( secession ). He has this separation certificate ( Ordinance of Secession ) with signed.