Jordanita subsolana
Jordanita subsolana is a butterfly of the family of burnet ( Zygaenidae ).
- 6.1 Notes and references
- 6.2 Literature
Features
The moths reach a forewing length 12.0 to 16.0 mm in males and from 9.0 to 12.5 mm in females. Head, thorax and abdomen are brownish black and have a bluish or dark green shimmer. The tapered antennae of the males are long, combed lean and strong. They consist of 39 to 46 segments. The antennae of the females are strongly serrated. The coloration of the forewing upper side ranges from yellowish green to bluish black to a dark gray-brown. The shimmer is weak and occasionally absent. The rear upper wing surface is light to dark gray. The wing undersides are light to dark gray and little or not provided with shiny scales.
In the males, the aedeagus is five to six times as long as wide. He carries three large Conuti, two of which comma-shaped and one is straight. Occasionally there may be a fourth smaller and straighter Conutus.
In females, the Präbursa is bottle-shaped and strongly sclerotized. It has distal appendages.
The egg is penetrated ovate. It is white and shimmering green.
The caterpillar is greenish white, has a dark brown dorsal line and a light brown side of the back. The integument is provided with small black dots and spikes. The warts are occupied light brown and with 15 to 20 white bristles. The basal ring and the bristle tips are black.
The pupa is light brown. The loosely spun cocoon is dark brown.
Similar Species
Jordanita subsolana is very variable in size and coloring. The species can therefore be confused with almost all Jordanita species of Western Palearctic, have the pointed probe and a similar wing shape and size. A unique determination is possible only through a genital examination.
Dissemination
The distribution area of J. subsolana ranges from southern Spain over the southern part of Central Europe, Italy, the Balkan peninsula and Greece to the south of Russia and the Ukraine, Turkey and Transcaucasia to the Altai. In the British Isles the species are missing Settled dry, open scrub and grasslands. On the Crimean peninsula it also occurs in moist habitats in appearance. In western Austria, the species is considered lost.
Biology
Geographically different populations live more or less monophagous various forage crops. These include thistle species whose leaf undersides are fluffy or woolly. In Spain, the species was found to Carduncellus monospeliensium. French, Italian, Swiss and southern Austrian populations living at the Woolly thistle ( Cirsium eriophorum ). In Germany, the caterpillars develop on the Gold Thistle ( Carlina vulgaris ), while they live on Echinops spaherocephalus in eastern Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. It is possible that more thistles come into question because the biology of the eastern and south-eastern populations is unknown.
The females lay eggs singly in the fur felt on the underside of leaves. There, the eggs are due to their coloring is hard to find. The caterpillars hatch at room temperature after 12 to 13 days. Newly hatched caterpillars are greenish white, have a dark brown head and light brown calf A Torah. The back and side back lines are only weakly indicated. The L1 stage nated on the underside of leaves, where only the parenchyma is eaten. The resulting mines are almost circular and hard to see, since the manure is deposited in the plants wool. In the L2 stage and the palisade parenchyma is eaten. The resulting mines are white and oblong. The Wolverine image of the L3 stage is characteristic, so that an infestation of the plant is easily recognizable. The L3 caterpillars overwinter near the ground in a loosely woven together from stray Hibernarium. After wintering (L4 ) the caterpillar feeds on the leaves. Later stages feed in the heart of the plant. The adult caterpillars bore into the root of the plant and from there to the ground where they pupate in a cocoon dark brown. The moths were rarely observed when visiting flowers. They fly in Central Europe from late June to early August and in the southern regions in May to July. The flight time is dependent on altitude and habitat.
System
J. subsolana was recently transferred from the subgenus Lucasiterna in the subgenus Rjabovia.
Threats and conservation
In Germany J. subsolana is on the Red List of endangered species in Category 2 (" endangered " ) classified.