Josef Kainz

Josef Gottfried Ignaz Kainz (born 2 January 1858 in Wiesel castle, now Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary, † September 20, 1910 in Vienna ) was an Austrian actor.

Josef Kainz is one of the largest German-language theater actor. In his honor was awarded in Austria from 1958 to 1999 every year the Kainz Medal for significant achievements of actors and directors.

Life

The son of former actor and railway officials Josef Alexander Kainz also turned to the stage and made his debut at the age of fifteen Sulkowskitheater in Matzleinsdorf. In 1874 Kainz acting classes with Cesarine copper Gomansky, received his first appointment in the following year as a lover in Maribor and in 1876 committed to the New City Theater Leipzig, before in 1877 he took up his engagement at the Meiningen Court Theatre. 1879 took Kainz with this ensemble a tour through Germany, followed in 1880 by a reputation Ernst Possart to the Court and National Theatre in Munich, where he repeatedly took leading roles in the private performances for King Ludwig II of Bavaria. Josef Kainz, Emil Rohde (1839-1913) and Franz Innocent Nachbaur (1830-1903) were, those three under the Munich stage artists, who stood by King Ludwig II in his personal relationships. Since 1883 Kainz worked at the newly-founded the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, grew to become the most famous German character actor of his time and excelled in circumstances other than Hamlet, Richard II, Don Carlos and Franz Moor in Schiller's drama The Robbers.

In 1889 he followed the director Ludwig Barnay at the newly opened Berlin theater, however, was contract- brittle after differences with this. Result, he was excluded from the Theatre Association. Meanwhile, married to the German - American Sarah Hutzler he joined in 1891 to a successful tour of America; other concert tours have taken him to Russia.

Then Kainz played again at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, began in 1899 the longed exposure to the Burgtheater in Vienna, to which he was appointed director of the Max Burckhardt as successor Mitterwurzer. Here he was appointed already on Christmas Eve 1899 court actors, and then moved into serious character roles. The widower was married a second time. Kainz created here numerous roles, including Shylock and Tartuffe. For ten years he worked there until he got awarded after protracted negotiations, a six-year break. The incompatible and capricious artists to the quality requirements are no longer met by this his opinion tenured theater.

Josef Kainz died on 20 September 1910 at Vienna sanatorium Loew of colon cancer, five days after his appointment to the court theater director.

His honorary dedicated tomb is located on the Döblinger cemetery in Vienna ( group 18, Number 15).

Career

After admission to the Mariahilfer secondary school Kainz playing in school performances for the first time even theater. At 15, he is in " Dilettantentheater of Karl Kappermann " on the stage and later he plays with Valentin Niklas, former Komparseriechef the Burgtheater, in a private theater - a kind of rehearsal stage for young talent. In the spring of 1874 Kainz is presented to the Burgtheater actress Césarine copper, which blamed his pronunciation and his dialect, but left him in the following months, speech and drama classes. On May 4, 1875 Kainz speaks at the Burgtheater as an actor before - including Dr. forester who already prepared his directorate in Leipzig. Since Kainz the nominee director Rangers still seems too inexperienced, he should first test in the province of one year. So Kainz goes first at the Royal Court Theatre in Kassel, but is not committed there after his guest appearances, but receives an offer in 1875 by Director Dietz, as the "first hero and lover " to go to Marburg an der Drau. At 17, he plays there almost every day and as often writes to his parents in Vienna. On June 21, 1876 the promise of Dr. Forster and Kainz fulfilled is engaged to Leipzig. With huge expectations for the theater of Dr. Förster hoped the young Kainz, that here his talent would be fully funded. However, the practice is different. Although Kainz can celebrate many successes at the Leipzig stage, but he is not so occupied by Rangers, Kainz as it hoped. He wants to play, to learn and to progress further. Again and again he comes therefore with Ranger to each other until it finally comes to a rift. However, Kainz does not remain long without commitment. On August 27, 1877, he has made ​​his first appearance with the acting troupe of the Meiningen Court Theatre and is then firmly committed. By 1880, he goes with the Meininger on tour. In this engagement he does not play on many big stages, as well as in Berlin, Frankfurt, Vienna and Prague, where he, however, as later records show the performance practice of the Meiningen (such as proper style amenities, historical accuracy in costume and decoration) quite as enthusiastic, like other contemporaries. After three years Kainz wishes to leave the Meininger to come at a different stage artistically forward. He signed the Munich Court Theatre at Ernst von Possart for a new commitment. In Schiller's Mary Stuart, where he acts as Mortimer on September 4, 1880. His Munich debut is a failure. The turn brings only his second role as Romeo in Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. On April 30, 1881 Kainz takes place in a private performance for King Ludwig of Bavaria youthful Didier in the drama Marion Delorme by Victor Hugo. The King was immediately impressed by the sleek and sensitive actor. He made ​​friends with him and wants the perfect unification of Kainz and Didier. Didier is for him Kainz, and Kainz is Didier. Kainz accompanied King Ludwig II as a narrator on his many travels. He must at any time day or night the monarch are available and declaim desired games from acting. When the artist is denied from fatigue once the king, he loses his benevolence. The wife of actor Sarah Hutzler, has recognized the problem of the relationship between the monarch and Kainz significantly. She writes: The confidentiality of their traffic leaving the septum, which was the position of the artist to the monarch, completely fall. And so it happened that not more artists and king, but man and man is faced in the course of the day. The artist must gradually lose its fear of the majesty, and the originality of his youthful heart, he might well often be too far away jumped over the gap of the positions, have too often felt as a favored friend to talk as entitled as he liked, and to think how the thoughts just come ( Hutzler 1886, p 478). Kainz seems even with two private performances for the King, who was the artist in recognition of his acting performances an emerald ring, an inkstand and a painted coat of arms above range. The request by the actor to be able to personally say goodbye before his departure to Berlin still is not met by the king.

1883 draws Kainz to the newly opened German Theatre in Berlin, where he celebrates countless theater successes in the coming years. As in Berlin in 1887, the Berlin theater was opened, Kainz will first go to the new house, because he hopes to challenge under new artistic director Barnay. But when Kainz notes that he was mistaken in Barnay, he is sentenced after long negotiations in breach of contract and the stage arbitration to a heavy fine and a theater lock. Then Kainz touring first with lectures and readings by Germany and eventually goes in 1891 in the United States. In America, he successfully plays at German theaters in New York, Milwaukee and Chicago. It was not until 1892 he returns to the German theater under the direction of Adolph L' Arronge to Berlin and can build on its earlier successes there. In his time in Berlin Kainz was in 98 different roles over 2000 times on the Berlin stage. But he was drawn back into " his Vienna ". Kainz ' dearest wish fulfilled in 1899 when he was awarded the Vienna Burgtheater, the title of " imperial and royal court actor ". His contract will be renewed in the following year from two to 12 years. He played here including the Hamlet, Orestes, Richard III. , Mephisto, Shylock, Tartuffe, Oswald, Valentin and Tasso. In 1910, Kainz seriously ill. On his deathbed, Kainz reached on September 20, 1910 as a special award nor the written appointment to the Burgtheater director. (from: program booklet for reading "I carry a treasure in me " at the Vienna Burgtheater 2007)

On November 26, 1898 Hugo Thimig writes in his diary:

Honors

On November 12, 1910, in the 18th district in the opposite the Türkenschanzpark lying city garden, then known as Meridian Park, unveiled a monument of Alexander Jaray. 1931 were named after him, both the place and the park is located there.

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