Jozef Murgaš

Jozef Murgaš (English Joseph Murgas ) ( born February 17, 1864 in Jabríková, Empire of Austria, now part of Tajov, Slovakia, † May 11, 1929 in Wilkes -Barre, Pennsylvania, United States) was a Slovak painter, inventor and pioneer of wireless communication.

Life

Murgaš studied at the School of Banska Bystrica, but his main interest was painting. Then he studied 1880-82 at a seminar Pressburger, 1882-84 to that of Esztergom, then 1889-90, he studied painting in Budapest from 1890 to 1894 and in Munich. In 1896, he left Europe and moved to the United States to the city Wilkes - Barre. There he founded for the resident 300 Slovak families a school, library, gym and church and developed his since the time of the seminar existing in Esztergom interest in electrical engineering.

On October 2, 1903 Murgaš requested the Patent Office several patents that were granted to him on May 10, 1904, mainly the following two: "apparatus for wireless telegraphy " ( Apparatus for wireless telegraphy ) and "Way of the message transmission by wireless telegraphy " ( Method of communicating intelligence by wireless telegraphy ). In addition, eleven other patents were issued to him (see section patents).

However, his greatest achievement was the first successful wireless transmission of voice. This took place on April 27, 1905 between the cities of Wilkes - Barre and Scranton over a distance of 30 km.

During the First World War, he campaigned for the creation of the Czechoslovak state and signed in 1918 the Pittsburgh Agreement. After returning to Slovakia in 1920, he wanted to stay there and teach electrical engineering. However, this was but he refused, so he returned to the United States, where he died in 1929.

Murgaš was also a collector: his collection of fungi, minerals, plants and insects comprised about 9,000 copies.

The asteroid ( 26639 ) Murgaš was named after him.

Patents

• Apparatus for wireless telegraphy (English Apparatus for wireless telegraphy, see: U.S. Patent 759.825, 1904)
• Way, the message transmission by wireless telegraphy ( Method of communicating intelligence by wireless telegraphy, U.S. Patent 759.826, 1904)
• Wavemeter (wave - meter, U.S. Patent 848.675, 1907)
• An electrical transformer ( Electric transformer, U.S. Patent 848.676, 1907)
• Establishment of antennas for wireless telegraphy ( Constructing antennae of wireless telegraphy, U.S. Patent 860.051, 1907)
• Way for radiation electromagnetic waves ( Means for Producing electromagnetic waves, U.S. Patent 876.383, 1908)
• Wireless Telegraphy (Wireless telegraphy, U.S. Patent 915.993, 1909)
• Wireless Telegraphy (Wireless telegraphy, U.S. Patent 917.103, 1909)
• Detector of magnetic waves (magnetic - wave detector, U.S. Patent 917.104, 1909)
• Detector ( Detector, U.S. Patent No. 930.780, 1909)
• An apparatus for producing electrical oscillations ( Apparatus for Producing electric oscillations, U.S. Patent 1,001,975, 1911)
• Angelrutewinde ( casting reel, U.S. Patent 1,024,379, 1912)
• Manner and apparatus for producing electrical oscillations from the alternating current ( Method of and apparatus for Producing electric oscillation from alternating currents, U.S. Patent 1,196,969, 1917)