Juan Bautista Alberdi

Juan Bautista Alberdi ( born August 29, 1810 in San Miguel de Tucumán, † June 19, 1884 in Neuilly, France) was an Argentine politician, diplomat, writer and journalist.

Life

Soon after his birth his mother lost Juan Bautista Alberdi, Josefa Araóz y Balderrama, aged 10 years also his father, Salvador Alberdi, a Spanish merchant and sympathizer of the May Revolution; thanks to a grant from the Argentine government, he came to Buenos Aires, where he received his doctorate in 1837 at the Law Faculty in 1825. In 1838 he founded together with Esteban Echeverría and José María Gutiérrez, the " Asociación de Mayo ", a club of liberal intellectuals, who was soon crushed by the Rosas- police. Alberdi was influenced by the ideas of Jean -Jacques Rousseau; he was also a musician, lawyer and diplomat. From 1838, he lived a long time in exile in Montevideo, he was instrumental in the organization of resistance against the dictatorship of Rosas. There he worked as a journalist and secretary of Juan Lavalle, but with whom he had a falling out later. In 1843 he settled after a short stay in Europe as a lawyer in Valparaíso, Chile, where he wrote under the pseudonym " Figarillo " as a journalist. Until 1855 he remained in exile in Chile. From 1855-62, he was Ambassador of the Argentine Confederation in England and France. In 1878 he returned to Argentina, due to an altercation with Bartolomé Mitre, but he left his native land again, and went to Europe, where he died in a suburb of Paris in 1884.

Political significance

Alberdi fought along with other Argentine intellectuals of the so-called " generation of 1837 " for democracy in his country. It's called Alberdi "the father of the Argentine Constitution" of 1853, which is still valid today and which he has shaped his writing Bases y puntos de partida para la organización política de la República Argentina. As a statesman, he succeeded in recognition of Argentine independence. He is regarded as the most important theorist of Argentine liberalism. Alberdi argued for European immigration in Argentina and against the war with Paraguay, as well as a political entity in America, starting for a customs union.

Literary work

Seen Literary, Alberdi belongs to the flow of the " realismo romántico ".

Dramatic works

As a writer Alberdi produced mainly political and militant literature, he shows discrepancies among the revolutionaries of 1810 and are quite rhetorically or patriotic and heroic.

Juan Bautista Alberdi wrote, among other things, a satire with caricatural trains and in political- militant style under the title La revolución de Mayo, crónica Dramatica en cuatro partes (1839 ), of which only the second and third part was completed and never got to show. A still performed work is El gigante Amapola y sus formidable enemigos, o sea una guerra de Fastos dramáticos memorable (written 1841, published 1844 ), a one-act play in prose ( " Peti - pieza cómica en un acto "). It is a satire on Juan Manuel de Rosas; has described him as a forerunner of the later genre of farce, because it combines elements of the absurd and the grotesque in itself. A giant made ​​of straw with a bathed in blood dagger symbolizes the tyrant Rosas; the piece is the generals Rivera, Bulnes and Ballivián dedicated to the hot in the drama Capitán Mosquito, Lieutenant Guitarra and Mayor Mentirola. 1993, it was in a musical theater version ( " comedia musical" ) by Oli Alonso listed by the " Teatro tream ", 2004 in Neuquén in a new version by the Grupo Experimental de Teatro " Tribu Salvaje ".

His list of works

  • Fragmento Preliminar al estudio del derecho (1837 )
  • Predicar s desiertos (1838 )
  • Reacción contra el españolismo (1838 )
  • La generación presente a la faz de la generación pasada (1838 )
  • La Revolución de Mayo (1839 )
  • El gigante Amapola y sus formidable enemigos, o sea una guerra de Fastos dramáticos memorable (1842 )
  • Ideas para presidir a la confección del curso de filosofía contemporánea (1842 )
  • Memoria sobre la Conveniência y objetos de un Congreso General Americano (1844 )
  • Bases y puntos de partida para la organización política de la República Argentina (1852 )
  • Elementos de derecho público provincial para la República Argentina (1853 )
  • Sistema económico y rentístico de la Confederación Argentina ( 1854)
  • El crimen de la guerra (1870 )
  • Peregrinación de Luz del Día o Viajes y aventuras de la Verdad en el Nuevo Mundo (1871 )
  • La Omnipotencia del Estado es la Negación de la Libertad Individual ( 1880)

Bibliography

  • Busaniche, José Luis: Historia Argentina, Buenos Aires, solar Hachette, 1973.
  • Lynch, John: Historia de la Argentina, Buenos Aires, Crítica, 2002.
  • Mayer, Jorge M.: Alberdi y su tiempo, Buenos Aires, Eudeba, 1963.
  • Romero, José Luis: Las ideas Politicas en la Argentina, Buenos Aires, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1975.
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