Juragua Nuclear Power Plant
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Set construction ( gross ):
Set planning ( gross ):
The nuclear power plant Juraguá should be a nuclear power plant near Juraguá in Cienfuegos, Cuba. It was one of two nuclear power plant projects in Cuba, but it the only one that was begun in. The second was to be built in the northeast near Gibara on Gibara River. There, however, only the first DEVELOPMENT (roads, trails, buildings and halls ) were built, which now (2012 ) increasingly expire.
The responsibility for the Cuban nuclear project was Fidel Castro Díaz- Balart, the oldest son of the revolutionary leader and former President Fidel Castro. Castro junior, who had worked in the Soviet Union studied nuclear physics and at the Moscow Kurchatov Institute, was the director of the Cuban Agency for Atomic Energy.
In 1976, Cuba and the Soviet Union signed an agreement to build two 440 -megawatt nuclear reactors of the series WWER-440/318, an export version of the WWER-440/213, in the province of Cienfuegos. If the first reactor was completed, he would have covered about 15 % of Cuba's energy needs. The construction of these reactors has been a priority for Cuba because Cuba's dependence on imported oil.
History
The story of the power station goes back to 1976. The Soviet Academy of Sciences concluded with the Cuban Academy of Sciences a contract for a research reactor, which was supplied by the Soviet Union to Cuba. Cuba graduated in 1976 a treaty with the Soviet Union to build a nuclear power plant. Cuba built near the proposed site, a technical school for training to be employed in the power plant workers and less skilled scientists. At the University of Havana Faculty of Nuclear Science and Engineering was established. 1981, a new building design was drafted for the power plant Juraguá. It should, in contrast to the standard version WWER-440/213 to get a containment. This one sat on experience in the construction of the nuclear power plant at Loviisa. Had this design been successful from a new VVER - series would have arisen. But shortly after, the VVER -1000 was developed, no new series should come of it.
The construction of the plant began in 1982 and most parts of the reactor, except the civil construction materials were supplied by the Soviet Union in the framework of bilateral agreements on economic cooperation. According to the plan, the first reactor would be put into operation in 1993. But the collapse of the Soviet Union disrupted the project in Juraguá. On 5 September 1992, the Cuban President Fidel Castro announced a suspension of construction in Juraguá because Cuba at the height of its economic crisis was not able to meet the financial conditions provided by Russia. The cost of the reactors amounted to $ 750 million. In 1993, the Russian government issued about two-thirds of the debt. Finally, the Cuban government had to pay only one-sixth, as a third investor could be found, who also took over one-sixth. A report from the September 1992 estimates that the first reactor was completed in approximately 90 to 97% with 37% of the internal reactor systems, while the second reactor was completed until between 20 and 30%.
1995 was renewed discussion to include the construction again. In particular, the United States said that the reactors do not correspond to Western safety standards. Especially the fact that Cuba had not yet been signed at the time the NPT, sparked concerns. It was suspected, Cuba wants to produce nuclear weapons. All financial aid from abroad to build the nuclear power plant failed so. After Fidel Castro in 1997 explained the issue, all sorts of financial aid from abroad have been set. Later, the monitoring instruments were installed in the reactor by the Siemens company for $ 21 million. A test of the reactor showed that 15% of the welds may be defective.
In November 1998, the cost of a possible completion of the reactor 1 were estimated by the International Atomic Energy Agency at about 600 million U.S. dollars.
Data of the reactor units
The nuclear power plant Juraguá should have four reactor blocks: