Juxtaoral organ of Chievitz

The juxtaorale organ (Latin for " in addition to the oral cavity lying " ) is a small elongated (10-12 mm long, 2-3 mm thick) body in the cheek, consisting of a budding rich epithelial parenchyma to a nerve and cell-rich embedded tissue and surrounded by a tight perineuriumartigen envelope.

Formerly known as occurring only in embryonic structures ( Chievitzsches organ ) announced it has been proved in 1953 by Zenker in adult humans as regularly occurring organ. Considering its localization in humans and animals it received by Zenker and Salzer name juxtaorales organ. This designation has been accepted by the International Anatomic Nomenclature Commission and included in the nouns Anatomica.

Topography

The juxtaorale organ located in the deep lateral facial region between musculus buccinator and temporalis tendon, under the fascia buccotemporalis near the point of passage of the parotid gland duct through the cheek muscle. The organ is innervated by the nerve buccal.

Feinbau

In the histological picture show numerous epithelial buds embedded in cell- rich connective tissue and nerves. At the end sensory epithelium Nervenästchen in many places. But there are also many specialized Nervenendkörperchen.

Development

At 11 to 15 mm human embryos, the development of juxtaoralen organ begins as a budding Epithelleiste ( 1) from the Mundhöhlenepithel a side pocket ( sulcus buccalis ) of the embryonic oral cavity. As a result, the plant body is displaced together with the nerve away from the mucosa at the aforementioned place of the deep area of the face.

Function

To date there are only morphological evidence. From a rezeptorischen function is assumed, as the organ of sensory trigeminal nerve branches is innervated and contains a large number rezeptorischer nerve endings. Maybe it perceives dynamic changes that occur during the act of chewing and swallowing.

Experiments in rats suggest that the buccal nerve exerts a trophic effect on the organ. Like after removal of the pituitary gland occurring in rats considerable atrophy of the organ juxtaoralen ( Salzer and Zenker ) is to be interpreted, can not be said at the time. This is required prior to further research.

Clinical Significance

The organ comes as a starting point for tumors in question.

The possibility of misinterpretation of the organ in the biopsy as carcinomatous structure has already occurred and had an extensive operation result. In terms of differential diagnoses pathologists and oral surgeons are confronted with the fact that in the immediate vicinity of the organ juxtaoralen more epithelial structures come to lie as salivary glands of the jaws and epithelial nests that have formed from epithelial remnants of the embryonic development.