Juyongguan
Juyongguan or Juyong Pass (Chinese居庸关/居庸关, Pinyin juyong Guan ) is located in the 18 km long Guangou Valley, which is located in Beijing's Changping District, more than 50 kilometers away from the city. He is one of the three biggest transitions of the Great Wall of China, the other two are Jiayuguan and Shanhaiguan.
During the reign of the various Chinese dynasties, the transition had many names, the name " Juyongguan " was not used by more than three dynasties. The first time he was during the Qin Dynasty in use, when Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the construction of the Great Wall. Juyongguan was connected at the time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the wall.
The Juyong Pass consists of two transitions, one in the south ( " Nan Pass " ) and one in the north ( " Badaling "). In the middle of Juyongguan is the "cloud terrace ", which was also called " tower across the street ." The platform was built during the Yuan Dynasty and had a height of nine and a half meters. Among other things a railing made of stone and a look-out for the guards were at their edge. These structures are still preserved in the style of the Yuan Dynasty. In the middle of the base of the platform there is an arched door that allowed the passage of people, horses and carts. In the gate and also the arc-shaped through many animal pictures were cut, and on both sides of the arch are gods statues and inscriptions. Previously, three white towers were on the platform - hence the name " tower across the street " - that were destroyed in the transitional period between the Yuan and the Ming Dynasty. Later a Tai'an Temple was built on the platform, which was destroyed during the Qing Dynasty.
Today's transition was built in the Ming Dynasty and later repeatedly set repaired. It is of great strategic importance as it connects the home to the northern border area of China. In addition, he was a part of the defense of the old city of Beijing.
Earlier, the transition from a rich profusion of flowers was surrounded, and a green sea of trees surrounded the building, so that the place the honorary name "Green Juyong - level " received and counted the "eight most beautiful landscapes of Yanjing ". The Chinese government is trying to restore the previous growth, he has not yet recovered despite some progress.
The clouds terrace of the Juyongguan Pass (居庸关 云台) from the time of the Mongol dynasty is on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China ( 1-98 ) since 1961.