Kachin State
2697.333333333333Koordinaten: 26 ° N, 97 ° E
Kachin State is one of the fourteen administrative units and the northernmost state of Myanmar ( Burma).
Geography
Kachin State is situated between 23 ° 27 'and 28 ° 25 ' north latitude and 96 ° 0 ' and 98 ° 44' east longitude. It is bordered to the north and east by China, on the south by the Burmese Shan State, on the west by the Burmese Sagaing Division and in the extreme north- west by the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
The area covers approximately 89,041 km ², making it by the Shan State and Sagaing Division, the third largest administrative unit in Myanmar. The population is about 1.4 million. In relation to the population density of the Kachin State is thus with 16 inhabitants per square kilometer in front of the Chin state second to last place.
The capital of Myitkyina and Bhamo the city, both situated on the upper reaches of the Irrawaddy, are the major cities. Larger cities are Putao in the mountainous highland in the north- west and Shinbwiyang in the far west at the foot of the Naga Hills.
In the northernmost tip of Kachin State is the highest mountain with 5889 m of Myanmar, the Hkakabo Razi, on the southern outskirts of the Himalayas. Approximately 100 km west of the imaginary line from Myitkyina to Bhamo is situated halfway between the two cities, the largest lake in Myanmar, the Indawgyi.
Population
The majority of the population consists of original Kachin ( Jingpo burmese ). There are other 13 ethnic groups, including the Burmese Bamar, Rawang, Lisu, Zaiwa, Maru, Yaywin, Lawngwaw, Lachyit and Shan.
For more than 100 years no census took place here. Official government figures indicate that 57.8 % Buddhists and 36.4% are Christians. Most people speak Kachin.
Climate
Kachin State is situated north of the Tropic of Cancer, and has consistently above humid climate in the south moderately warm, with average temperatures between 27 ° C in summer and 15 ° C in winter.
Management
Kachin State is divided into the districts of Puta -o in the north, Myitkyina and Bhamo in the middle of the south. They are further organized into 18 municipalities and 709 municipal districts.
Economy
The economic structure is predominantly agrarian. Main products are rice and sugarcane. In the mountains in addition to gold and jade is found.
History
The Kachin State was formed in 1948 from the civil districts of Bhamo and Myitkyina, together with the larger northern district of Puta -o. In the mountainous areas mostly live the Kachin, Shan and while the Bamar live in the lower valleys of the south and along the densely populated railway corridor.
The northern boundary was not marked until the 1960s, which led to border disputes with neighboring China, which lays claim to the entire territory of the Kachin State since the 18th century.
Kachin troops formerly formed a significant part of the Burmese army. After 1962, the Constitution of the Union of Burma was set by General Ne Win unilaterally override the Kachin retired from the army and formed the Kachin Independent Army ( KIA ) under the Kachin Independence Organization ( KIO ).
The Kachin State was until 1994 virtually independent since the mid- 1960s, with the exception of the larger cities and the railroad corridor. The economy is based on smuggling and trafficking of drugs and Jade. In 1994, the Burmese army launched an offensive and brought the Jademinen in Kachin State under their violence, a peace agreement was signed. It allows the KIO control of the state under the suzerainty of the military junta of Myanmar. Numerous factions of the KIO, which do not agree to these agreements provide for a largely unstable situation.