Kashgar Prefecture
Kashgar ( Kashi or Kashgar also called in ancient Chinese疏勒, Pinyin Shule, ancient Greek may Kasia ) is an administrative district in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It has an area of 139,077 km ². Its economic, cultural and political center is the capital of the same name, the county-level city Kashgar. Historically, the term refers to a slightly larger area. The city of Kashgar was also the capital of the short-lived Islamic Republic of East Turkestan.
History
Already in the late Bronze Age, the oasis of Kashgar was settled. During this time, here was the Aketala - culture spread, which showed in particular relations with the spread in the Fergana Tschust culture.
In the first century AD Kashgar center of a powerful empire that large parts of the western Tarim Basin, and probably also areas was west of the Pamir mountain ranges dominated.
In July 2009 it was announced that the Chinese authorities want to demolish large parts of the old city of Kashgar City. Officially, this measure is justified by the protection against earthquakes. Exiluiguren and global human rights organizations condemned this move as an attack on Uighur culture and history, and as a further step towards Sinicisation the Uighur population. The oasis city of Kashgar is still regarded as "secret capital" of the Uyghur.
Administrative Divisions
The county is made up of an independent city, ten circles and one autonomous district:
- City Kashgar ( Kashi Shì喀什 市), 96 km ²,
- Shufu county (疏附县Shufu Xiàn ), capital: greater community Tokkuzak (托克扎克 镇), 4140 km ²,
- Circle Shule (疏勒 县Shule Xiàn ), capital: greater community Shule (疏勒 镇), 2486 km ²,
- Circle Yengisar (英吉沙 县Yingjisha Xiàn ), capital: greater community Yengisar (英吉沙 镇), 4300 km ²,
- Circle Poskam (泽普 县Zépǔ Xiàn ), capital: greater community Zepu (泽普 镇), 923 km ²,
- Circle Yarkant (莎车 县Shache Xiàn ), capital: greater community Shache (莎车 镇), 7960 km ²,
- Circle Kargilik (叶城县Yecheng Xiàn ), capital: greater community Kargilik (喀格勒克 镇), 29,268 km ²,
- Circle Makit (麦盖提 县Màigàití Xiàn ), capital: greater community Makit (麦盖提 镇), 10,256 km ²,
- Circle Yopurga (岳普湖县Yuèpǔhú Xiàn ), capital: greater community Yopurga (岳普 湖镇), 2703 km ²,
- Circle Payzawat (伽师 县jiashi Xiàn ), capital: greater community Barin (巴 仁 镇), 6667 km ²,
- Circle Maralbexi (巴楚 县Bāchǔ Xiàn ), capital: greater community Bachu (巴楚 镇), 18,807 km ²,
- Tajik Autonomous County Taxkorgan (塔什库尔干 塔吉克 自治县Tǎshíkù'ěrgān ), capital: greater community Taxkorgan (塔什库尔干 镇), 52.3 thousand km ².
Ethnic structure of the population of the district of Kashgar (2000)
According to the 2000 census, the government district had 3,405,713 inhabitants ( population density: 24,34 inhabitants / km ²).
Building
The large Heytgah Mosque, the largest in China, located in the heart of the city. Furthermore, there is the Apak Hoja - Mausoleum that was built in the 13th century, in Kashgar. In the Mausoleum five generations of his family are buried. He ruled over Kuqa, Aksu, Korla, Yarkant, Hotan and Kashgar.
The 18 m high statue of Mao Zedong is one of the largest in China.
Apak Hoja Mausoleum
Mosque next to the grave of Apak Hoja