Kcynia

Kcynia ( German Exin ) is a town in Poland in the Kujawsko - Pomerania. It is the seat of city and rural community in the powiat Nakielski.

  • 4.1 traffic
  • 4.2 Education
  • 5.1 Sons and daughters of the town
  • 6.1 Literature
  • 6.2 External links
  • 6.3 footnotes

History

The exact date of the local foundation is not known. In 1086 a church was built, which Giles of St. Gilles ( Święty Idzi ) was consecrated. On June 29, 1262, the Knights Jan and Ryner received from the Polish Duke Bolesław the Pious large for the place right after the city Magdeburg Law. After a great fire had raged in the place of the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus adopted the place in 1552 for five years all taxes. Władysław IV Vasa in 1632 allowed the city to levy customs duties. During the Second Northern War came in 1656 when Kcynia a battle between the Polish army under Stefan Czarnecki and Sweden under Charles X Gustav. The Swedes were successfully emerge from this. In the First Partition of Poland, the city came in 1772 to Prussia. 1776, the city was connected to the Prussian postal system. An Evangelical Church was built in 1780. The Prussian time the city was from 1807 to 1815 interrupted by belonging to the Duchy of Warsaw.

Citing several Polish noblemen of the city was attacked on the night of May 7 and 8, 1848. On this occasion, people were against 40 lost their lives, the city was placed at three places on fire, the German inhabitants were plundered under the pretext of disarming. The public were military exercises German colonists under the leadership of a gentleman of Tresckow preceded the ill-feeling generated in the Polish population, which manifested itself in questionable ways.

1867 a post office was built. In 1888, Exin ( nad Notecią Nakło ) was connected to the railway network of Gniezno ( Gniezno ) to Nakel.

1893, the first volunteer fire department was formed. In the school year 1906/1907 there was similar to that of Września school strike, a strike, was introduced as German also for religious education as a compulsory language. 1908, the rail network has been expanded and the city received rail links to Bromberg ( Bydgoszcz ) and Poznan ( Poznań). 1913, the construction of the station building was completed. After the end of the First World War, the city came in 1919 and officially January 10, 1920, the revived Poland. In September 1939, the city was occupied by the German Wehrmacht during the Polish campaign and a little later assigned to the district Altburgund. The place got its first German names Exin again, later, he was temporarily in Prien ( after the German U- boat commanders Günter Prien ) renamed the mountain. At 21-22. January 1945, the Red Army marched into town and Kcynia was again part of Poland. The few remaining Germans who had not fled from the Red Army were expelled. That same year, the middle school and high school were opened. In 1980, the Solidarity trade union was in place active, but had to suspend its official activities in the proclamation of martial law in 1981.

Population Development

In 1783 there were in the city with 703 inhabitants, of whom 374 Catholic, 174 Jewish and 155 Protestant. 1837, the population had grown to 2074, of which 1048 were Catholic, 717 Jewish and 309 Protestant. 1890 people lived in 2814 in the place of which were 1815 Catholics, 708 Protestants and 291 Jewish. 1650 inhabitants were present Poland. In the 1938 census were Polish from the 4554 population 4159, 327 German and 68 Jewish.

Subsequently, the population development graphically.

Culture and sights

  • The late Baroque church of the Carmelites, built in the years 1788-1890
  • The Church of Archangel Michael from the late Gothic / Renaissance from 1631

Gmina

The urban and rural community Kcynia has an area of ​​297.02 km ² of which about 14,000 people live. It includes, in addition to Kcynia itself, 36 Soltysships ( sołectwo ) and other localities

Economy and infrastructure

Traffic

The city Kcynia is crossed by the Province Road 241 ( droga wojewódzka 241). This leads to the northeast after about 17 kilometers through Nakło nad Notecią, where it crosses the main road 10 ( droga Krajowa 10). In south west, the 241 leads to 27 kilometers by Wągrowiec and finally ends after about 45 kilometers at Rogoźno the junction with the main road 11

The Province Road 247 begins in Kcynia and ends in the east to about 20 kilometers to the confluence with the Province Road 246, or the European route 261/Landesstraße 5

The nearest international airport is the Ignacy Paderewski -Jan- Airport Bydgoszcz, located about 35 kilometers northeast of the city.

Education

In Kcynia there from Jan Czochralski primary school ( szkoła podstawowa in. Jana Czochralskiego ), the middle school of the Wielkopolska insurgents ( in Gimnazjum. Powstańców Wielkopolskich ) and the School Complex No. 1 ( Zespół Szkół nr 1). There is also a vocational school ( zasadnicza SzkoĹ zawodowa ).

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

  • Otto Krummel (1854-1912), geographer, pioneer of modern oceanography
  • Ismar Boas (1858-1938), physician and founder of the department of gastroenterology
  • , Jan Czochralski (1885-1953), chemist, discoverer of the Czochralski method
  • Horst Bastian (1939-1986), writer

References

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