Kernal

Kernal is the name of the U.S. computer company Commodore for the kernel of their home computer, starting from the PET 2001 on VC 20 and C64 up to C128. The Kernal mainly consists of input / output routines that are called via a jump table.

KERNAL should stand as an abbreviation for "Keyboard Entry Read, Network, And Link ". However, it is not certain whether this is an acronym or backronym. The kernal was originally written for the PET 2001 by John Feagans, who developed the idea to separate the BASIC routines of the operating system.

The different spelling for the technical term kernel resulted from a clerical error in the manuals for the Commodore computer, which was then declared by Commodore ado to own term for the kernel. The kernal was later further developed by different people, with the developer Robert Russell played a special role.

Also, the system kernel from the 1985 by Berkeley Softworks developed for the Commodore C64/128 computer graphical operating system GEOS received on these computers now established label Kernal. Only the technically completely different kernel on the Commodore Amiga Amiga ROM kernel was called, which is the correct spelling of the word kernel.