Key signature names and translations

This article gives an overview of the names of the naturals, the derived sounds and tones in different languages.

Names of naturals

The absolute tone were originally named after the alphabet: A, B, C, D, E, F, G.

The fact that the original Stammton "B" in the German "H" is, goes back to a differentiated since the 10th century notation, the tone in a lower version than "b rotundum " ( "round b"), and in a higher variant as " b quadratum " ( " square b" ) stock exchanges. The latter, the angular notation of B gradually developed into an "h " and solidified in the 16th century by the emergence of letterpress. The lowered by one semitone "H ", ie the former b rotundum, is called in German " B". In contrast, stayed in the English-speaking world to this day the name " B " for the Stammton; the lower by a semitone tone there is " B flat" (B ♭ ). Also in the Netherlands, however, the German HB, B is called Bes. The German is not the only language in which the notation H has established itself as the below- C Stammton. The same notation is used for example in Scandinavian (Danish, Swedish) and some West Slavic (Polish, Czech) languages.

In the so-called Solfeggiolehre or solmization not the absolute tone are referred to, but the position of the notes within a key. This makes it easier to transpose a melody in any other keys and is used at international and German music colleges, for example, in the ear training. The relative tonal be with the Italian syllables do, re, mi, fa, so, la, si respectively.

In France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and other countries, including the CIS countries and Bulgaria, are used throughout this note names as solfeggio and differ depending which go back to the St. John's hymn:

Later, the syllable " ut " by the better singing "do" was replaced.

In Japanese, the sounds from A to G, as the Iroha - numbering are referred to and written in katakana alphabet:

In popular music genres, which received strong impetus from English speaking countries, and in international communication in English, German musicians also use the English name "B " for the "H".

Names of the sharps and sounds

In German, Dutch, in West Slavic and similar in Scandinavian languages ​​and increased decreased ( altered ) tones are characterized in that at each root a suffix is appended, namely

  • -is increased by a cross in ( ♯ ) tones (eg, F #, C # ) and
  • - it in by a ♭ lowered tones (eg, Des, Ges; exceptions in German: H → B, E → A → Es and As).

In most other languages, the name of the cross or ♭ is appended to the Tonbezeichnung.

  • At elevated tones: engl:. sharp ( F # = F sharp, C sharp = C sharp)
  • French: thèse ( Fis = fa thèse, Cis = do thèse or ut thèse )
  • Portug.: sustenido ( Fis = Fá sustenido, Cis = Dó sustenido )
  • Russ: диез ( Fis = фа диез, Cis = до диез )
  • Greek: Diesi δίεση ( Fis = Φα δίεση, Cis = Ντο δίεση )
  • Japan .婴ei ( Fis =嬰 へei - hey, Cis =嬰ハei -ha )
  • Chinese:升Sheng ( Fis =升F, Cis =升C)
  • Latin: durum (h = b durum)
  • Engl:. flat (Des = D flat, G flat = G flat)
  • Italian: bemolle (Des = re bemolle, Ges = sol bemolle )
  • French: bémol (Des = ré bémol, Ges = sol bémol )
  • Spanish: bemol (Des = re bemol, Ges = sol bemol )
  • Portug.: bemol (Des = Ré bemol, Ges = Sol bemol )
  • Russ: бемоль (Des = ре бемоль, Ges = соль бемоль )
  • Greek: ýfesi ύφεση (Des = Ρε ύφεση, Ges = Σολ ύφεση )
  • Japan .変hen ( Des =変ニhen- ni, Ges =変トhen- to)
  • Chinese:降Jiang (Des降= D, Ges =降G)
  • Latin: molle (b = b molle )

Names of Tongeschlechter

The major scale type is referred to as follows:

  • Engl:. major ( C major = C major)
  • Italian: maggiore ( C major = do maggiore )
  • French: majeur ( C major = ut majeur or do majeur )
  • Spanish: mayor ( C major = do mayor )
  • Portug.: maior ( C major = Dó maior )
  • Russ: мажор ( C major = до мажор )
  • Greek: MIZON μείζων ( C major = Do mízona Ντο μείζονα )
  • Japan .长 调Chocho ("long key " C major =ハ 長調ha - chocho )
  • Chinese: .大 调dàdiào ( "big key " C major = C大 调)

The scale type minor is designated as follows:

  • Engl:. minor ( A minor = A minor)
  • Italian: minore ( A minor = la minore )
  • French: mineur ( A Minor = la mineur )
  • Spanish: menor ( A Minor = la menor )
  • Portug.: menor ( A Minor = Lá menor )
  • Russ: минор ( A Minor = ля минор )
  • Greek: élasson έλασσον ( A Minor = La ELASSONA Λα ελάσσονα )
  • Japan .短 调Tancho ( " short key " A minor =イ 短調I Tancho )
  • Chinese: .小调xiǎodiào ( "little key " A minor = A小调)
Musical tone Ut queant laxis Altered chord Sharp (music) Flat (music) Major and minor
62062
de