Khleangs

The Khleang (Khmer ឃ្លាំង, UNGEGN - Romanization Khleang, IPA [k ʰ leəŋ ] ) are twin buildings in Angkor Thom in Cambodia and thus part of the UNESCO World Heritage Angkor. The northern and the southern Khleang are just east of Tower series Prasat Suor Prat and look west of the Royal Palace of Angkor Thom. The former function of the Khleang is not released.

History

The northern Khleang was built between the late 10th and early 11th century Khmer Empire, probably in the first decade of the 11th century under the rule of Jayaviravarman. The smaller, southern Khleang emerged a short time later than the northern Khleang and remained unfinished. According to Freeman and Jacques (2003 ) the Southern Khleang during the reign of Suryavarman was built Buddhist I, who was able to prevail in succession disputes in the first decade of the 11th century and was against Jayaviravarman to 1050 King of the Khmer Empire. The French archaeologist Maurice Glaize, the École française d' behalf of Extrême -Orient ( EFEO ) mid-20th century Angkor explored and conserved structures, are in Les monuments du groupe d' Angkor Jayavarman V, 968-1001 ruled, or Suryavarman I. as potential clients to. This assessment follows Rooney ( 2011).

From designing her they fit the phase between Pre Rup and Baphuon style. Your ornaments point to a time shortly after Banteay Srei. In the northern Khleang two inscriptions were found that I. from the reign Suryavarman period ( 1006/10-1050 ) come. In the southern Khleang two inscriptions were found that repeat the Oath of the workers literally, which was also in 1011 engraved on the doorposts of the eastern gopura of the Royal Palace of Angkor Thom.

Although the modern name Khleang translated " temple of the warehouses " or "Temple of the Treasury " means such a function can be safely excluded. Their purpose is discussed to date, including the assumption is they could have served as reception halls for Foreign dignitaries. Like most other monuments of Angkor, the Twin Towers were overgrown by tropical vegetation, having shifted in the 15th century, the center of the Khmer empire in the south to Phnom Penh and Angkor lost its former importance. The Khleang were freed in 1908 by Jean Commaille and 1919-1920 by Henri Marchal for EFEO from overgrowth.

Architecture

The Khleang lie north and south parallel to the Victory Boulevard, which leads to the Royal Palace of Angkor Thom. Between the Khleang and the Siegesallee is in each case a 90 × 48 m lake. The Khleang are exposed on the face of similar, namely, rectangular and elongated appearance and a gallery halls of large columns windows. East and west of them are preceded by a central cross-shaped vestibules. They both had a courtyard, in which a Prasat is obtained only as a sanctuary in northern Khleang. At the central gallery halls close each north and south of the lower-level Annexe.

The unfinished southern Khleang has a width of 4.2 m and is 45 m long. He owns 0.9 m thick walls of sandstone, decorated at the base and at the cornice. At the two main sides, west and east, large rectangular windows are seven balusters. The eastern and western portico has four windows, the wooden gables are no longer obtain. The gallery of the southern Khleang is about 45 m long. The only decoration is a frieze below the cornice. The colliding at lower levels of the central gallery hall chambers close with a dummy portal to the outside and have a window to the west. To the east led a narrow door to more galleries, including two that ran from north to south. These four built of lighter material Galleries are no longer obtain. Overall, the galleries enclosed courtyard of a two-part 50 × 30 m. The eastern door of the southern cultivation is flanked by elegant columns.

The northern Khleang front of the central building has a cruciform terrace of later date, which is on reclaimed ground. Your balustrade is in the form of Nagas. Overall, the northern, 60 m long and 4.7 m wide Khleang of imposanterer phenomenon has been working as the southern and accurate. The entire surface of the plinth is decorated with classical relief sculpture offset diamonds motifs and a central band of festoons, which are designed to be particularly fine for the Khmer architecture. The stem is square basic shape and has four window openings. The columns of the northern Khleang have four major bands, indicating an earlier date than in the southern Khleang. Since they have four bands less than the pillars of the southern Khleang they are more robust, while the front and the lintel with the head Kalas amidst overgrown frills characteristics of the 10 shows until the 11th century. The eastern and western lintels of the central hall are decorated with fleurs. The walls are 1.5 m thicker than that of the southern Khleang and supported in unadorned interior probably a fake floor, which is due to the practice at that time to support the stonework above the door and window reveal with double beams, collapsed. For veneering sandstone was used as the basic skeleton of laterite is. In the central part of the long gallery the tiled roof was pierced by a walls that formed a tower, which is collapsed to a large extent in later times. The footprint of this center is square with 4.5 m side length, while the adjoining galleries on both sides are 18.7 m long and 4.7 m wide and terminate each in a hall leading from the two doors to the east. In the gallery are two bronze statues were found, representing Vishnu and Lokeshvara. To the east are the same as the southern Khleang galleries that include the courtyard. Here it was possible to recover parts of the outer wall with cornice and long horizontal window openings. In the center of the courtyard, a small, cross-shaped sanctuary is in the form of Prasat that the style of Angkor Wat approaches. It stands on a molded base, the main level is obtained. This was connected in lightweight construction with the galleries in all four directions, thus forming a cross shape. The chamber of the central sanctuary is 2 × 2 m tall and has in each direction a door opening. To the east of the courtyard closes with a Gopuram. This opens up to a further courtyard, which is formed by a Lateritmauer. Two libraries are, each with a door opening to the east in it. Purpose and function typical of the architecture of the Khmer libraries, which are identified by a rectangular plan, thick walls, a single portal and loopholes for exposure is unknown. In the middle of this second courtyard, a small sanctuary is in the form of a Greek cross. It stands on a large ornate platform has three false doors, stairs axial and has medallions with dancers on.

The distinctive style of the Khleang, the inside of Angkor at the temples Ta Keo and Phimeanakas, the central temple of the royal palace of Angkor Thom, finds himself and outside including in Phnom Chisor and Preah Khan, meant for the period 1010-1050 from Khleang style to speak. Typical elements are external galleries with gopuras in a cross shape and quartered door lintels with representations of Kala, holding the flower garlands in their hands, and statues, which show a mild smile and have braided hair.

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