Kingdom of Gumma

The Kingdom of Gumma was one of several kingdoms that formed in the 19th century in the region Gibe in Ethiopia.

In the east it was bounded by a bend of the Didessa. The river separated it from Limmu - Ennarea the northeast and Gomma and Gera in the south. Beyond the northern border were different strains of the Macha Oromo and Sidamo in the West.

This former kingdom was located mostly on a plateau at an average altitude of 2000 meters above the sea. According to estimates from 1880, the population was 50,000. Its inhabitants were known as warriors.

History

The later kings of Gumma led their ancestry back to a man named Adam, who settled in 1770 in this area and should have in the dismissal of the last king of the previous dynasty, Sarborada helped. In his discussion of this tradition, the historian Mohammed Hassen suggests that this could have served to Islamize the founder of the dynasty.

The King Jawa was converted to Islam by traders from Shewa and Begemder, forcing this belief on his subjects.

In 1882, the king of Gumma Abba Jubir convinced the kings of Ennerea, Gomma and Jimma, an alliance ( " PML " ) to take to counter the threat posed by some of the Macha Oromo. This then formed their own alliance, the " League of four Oromo ". Initially, the Muslim League had little success against the threat, as Abba Jabir received no support from the other members against the Macha. But when his older brother Abba Digir was captured, the people of Ennerea came to help. Abba Jubir self together was not successful and had to agree to a truce with the Macha to retrieve his brother. Abba Jubir later started a war against Jimma and captured its capital, although Gomma and Limmu - Enera had allied themselves with Jimma.

Even after the failure of the Muslim League remained Gumma a stronghold of Islam and offered asylum to people who were exiled from other Gibe kingdoms. The Emperor Menelik II conquered the kingdom in 1885. Firisia, son of the last king, but returned in 1899 to the land of his father and declared a jihad against the conquerors. Ultimately Firisia in 1901 captured and executed shortly afterwards in Jimma.