Koban culture

The Koban culture is a Late Bronze Age and Iron Age culture in the north of the Caucasus. It was named after the village in 1869 Verchni Koban burial ground discovered in North Ossetia, which included about 600 burials. Special attention was given to the rich bronze jewelry. The Koban culture is found in Ingushetia, Ossetia, Kabardino -Balkaria and Chechnya. The collective term Koban - Colchis culture also finds from the promontory of Colchis and Abkhazia were calculated.

Demarcation

Not to be confused with earlier cultures along the river Kuban and in Colchis. It is the Novotitarovskaja culture and the Maikop culture.

Chronology

Settlements

Settlements were usually on hills. They were carefully laid out, with a rectangular network of paved roads. The fairly large houses were rectangular, on a base of stone were lehmbeworfene wattle and daub. The residential part of the houses had a Stampflehmboden and several hearths. In some of the houses there were also workshops. Partly were in the houses, stables.

Burials

In addition to flat graves and burials in grave mounds, are also paved with stone shaft tombs known. Most are single burials. Most of the tombs contain rich grave goods, vessels, weapons, jewelry and horse tack. Also horse burials are known. From the 7th century can be found in the Koban tombs also items that are Scythian influences. Also Urartian imports are occasionally found.

Material Culture

The pottery is handmade, usually black and often carefully polished. An ornament consisted mostly of geometric patterns, but there are also depictions of figures known. Besides vessels and animal figures and whorls are known. Also typical are decorated axes with cantilevered semi-circular cutting and belt plates with figurative representations, and bronze belt buckles with spiral patterns. Among the weapons themselves with daggers find or mushroom-shaped openwork handle.

Important Locations

  • Koban, North Ossetia, burial ground
  • Recombination, North Ossetia, Sanctuary
  • Serschen -Yurt, Ingushetia Checheno - fortified settlement
  • Tli, burial ground
Kunda culture Neolithic Bug-Dniester culture Dnieper–Donets culture Sredny Stog culture Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture Khvalynsk culture Botai culture Usatovo culture Poltavka culture Potapovka culture Sintashta culture Okunev Culture Abashevo culture Srubna culture Colchian culture Begazy-Dandybai culture Karasuk culture Irmen culture Aldy-Bel culture Tasmola culture Pazyryk culture Tashtyk culture Caucasus Mountains Kuban River Spindle (textiles)
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