Krzanowice
Kranowitz (Polish Krzanowice [ kʃanɔ'v iʦɛ ʲ ], Czech Křenovice, also Chřenovice; 1936-1945 Kranstädt ) is a city in the powiat Raciborski in Silesia in Poland. It is the seat of the across urban and rural community.
- 6.1 Literature
- 6.2 External links
- 6.3 footnotes
Geography
Kranowitz is located ten kilometers south-west of Racibórz on the Leobschützer Lößhügelland ( Płaskowyż Głubczycki ) at the Bilawoda. Neighboring towns are Samborowice ( Schammerwitz ) in the north, and Woinowitz Bieńkowice ( Benko joke) in the Northeast, Bolesław ( Bolesław; Bunzelberg 1936-1945 ) in the east, in the southeast and Borutin Kleinpeter joke in the northwest. Across the border to the Czech Republic, which runs south and west, Chuchelná are in the south, Strahovice ( Strandorf ) and Rohov ( Rohow ) in the southwest and Sudice in the West.
History
The village " Cranewicz " belonged since its inception to Moravia. With approval of King Ottokar II, it was in 1265, charged by Herbort of Fülme, a steward of the Olomouc Bishop Bruno of the castle to the city and implemented by Leobschützer law. 1269 Kranowitz was incorporated into the Duchy of Opava, which was newly created from the former province of Opava for Nicholas I, an illegitimate son of King Ottokar II. For the year 1302, the St. Wenceslas Church is busy, and confirmed in 1313 King John of Bohemia, the city rights.
The position on the trading of Ratibor Opava was the development in the centuries after creation. It settled various craftsmen, and it was brewed beer. The owners of the town, which lost its importance in the 17th century, frequently changed.
After the First Silesian War Kranowitz 1742 coincided with the most of Silesia to Prussia. It fell off to a market town and belonged first to Leobschützer circle. After the reorganization of Prussia, 1818 the Incorporation in the district Ratibor. The authorities are now led by an organizational division between the market towns Kranowitz and the village of the same name. 1784 was the market town of 472 inhabitants, while in the village Kranowitz lived 666 people. After the efforts to regain its town charter in the 1870s failed, there was an association of the borough with the village.
1891 began the emblem if Karl Max Lichnowsky construction of a railroad between Ratibor and Opava, on the October 20, 1895, the first train. On October 24, 1919, came to the railway accident Kranowitz, in which, after contradictory statements 34-60 people died, as the coming of Kuchelna passenger train ran into a freight locomotive and they can lead to an explosion of a keg of smuggled alcohol.
Although Kranowitz was mostly mährischsprachig, it remained in 1920, in contrast to the neighboring Zauditz, which was connected to Czechoslovakia, the German Reich. In the plebiscite in Upper Silesia in 1921 on the further state affiliation 2,134 votes were cast ( 96.9 %) to remain with Germany and 69 (3.1%) for connection to Poland in Kranowitz - Kranowitz remained in Germany.
1936 designated the National Socialists in the city Kranstädt to. 1939, consisted of 3872 inhabitants. After the invasion of the Red Army and handed over to the Polish administration, it received in 1945 the Polish name Krzanowice. Since only a portion of the ancestral inhabitants had fled or been expelled, was able to maintain a German minority in the area. 2001, the City rights were renewed. According to the 2002 census, 20.64 % belonged to the municipality population of the German minority, further 7.10% described themselves as " Silesians ". This Kranowitz is the only municipality in Silesia with a minority share of over 20 percent. The municipality has not yet been approved despite permission German as an auxiliary language, but on the other hand introduced in 2008 already bilingual place names. The cross-border rail link is now closed. In November 2012, the bilingual signs were erected in the community eventually. This makes it the first community in the Silesian Voivodeship, in all places have bilingual signposts.
Part of the population speaks a dialect to this day, which is very similar to the Moravian.
- John Herbord of in-fill ( -1300 )
- Corner Rich Herbord of in-fill ( 1313 - )
Population Development
The inhabitants numbers Kranowitz ':
Partner community
- Salt mountains ( Germany ), since May 2006,
Attractions
- The Catholic parish church of St. Wenceslas ( Kościół Sw. Wacława ) on the former castle hill was first mentioned in 1302 and built in the Baroque style after several renovations in 1742. After a fire in 1813 was 1915, a new building in the style of Neo-Baroque style after a design by the architect Joseph Seyfried. The cruciform ground plan of the burnt church with its baroque facade tower and roof skylights was resumed; but with 48 meters in length, 35 m width and 56 m high steeple is significantly bigger than the previous building. Dome and interior were painted by Hans Martin. The main altar, whose paintings St. Wenzel is, is flanked by two baroque figures of the 18th century.
- The Church of St. Nicholas ( Kościół Sw. Mikołaja ) in the northeast of the city was built on the site of a chapel in 1744 in the style of the late Baroque and provided with a roof turret. After 1762 already showed cracks in the vault, it was built in 1802 with extensive renovations, replaced by a wooden. The interior ( altar panels of the side altars, Stations of the Cross as well as some statues) still comes largely from the 18th century.
Community
For urban and rural community Kranowitz next to the main town of the same name includes the districts
- Bojanów ( Bojanów; 1936-45 war Bach)
- Borutin ( Borucin; 1936-45 dispute Kirch)
- Small Peterwitz ( Pietraszyn )
- Woinowitz ( Wojnowice; 1936-45 consecration village)
Personalities
- Vincenz Kollar (1797-1860), Austrian zoologist and entomologist
- Albrecht von Krenowitz († 1353 or later), Viscount of Glatz and captain and mortgage holder of Glatzer country
- Max Schirschin (1921-2013), German football player and football coach
- John Slawik (1892 - † after 1936), German agricultural administrators and politicians
- Ernst taste (1918-1984), German school teacher and educationalist