L'Isle-aux-Allumettes, Quebec

Template: Infobox Island / Maintenance / height missing

The Isle of Allumettes, also Isle aux Allumettes, is an island in the Ottawa River in the Canadian province of Québec. It is 22 km long and up to 12 km wide, and is the largest island in Ottawa. The river widens at this point to a lake of about 120 sq km area. The population in 2006 was at 1,443. Of them reported as mother tongue 78 % in English, 21 % French.

The main towns are Chapeau in the North, Centre Demers and Demers in the south, the west and also at the southern edge of the island lies Desjardinsville, finally Saint -Joseph in the southeast. On the island there are several small lakes, of which the Lac Cranson is the largest in the Southeast.

History

The late 1950s, Clyde C. Kennedy began several excavations on the island, the copper objects from the Woodland period, and from ancient time to light promoted. Harpoon heads could be dated to 4000 BC.

Different groups of the Algonquian controlled early trade on the Ottawa. Therefore, Samuel de Champlain named the 1613 Isle of Algoumequins. These were the ancestors of today Kichesipirini. Champlain sent in 1634 to the young Jean Nicolet to them, 1629 was her chief Tessouat one of the five leaders of a coalition, but the English came to her through the conquest of Quebec before. His village was probably on Lac des Allumettes in the south of the island.

Only after 1632 Quebec was French again, the French returned from 1634. They were supported by Jesuit missionaries. The Kichesipirini were, despite their relatively small number, holder of a monopoly on trade, especially with skins and furs. Therefore, they came with their neighbors, also fur-bearing animals hunting Iroquois in conflict. 1636 Tessouat tried in vain to a grand coalition against the Iroquois, but he clashed with the pro-French groups in the Hurons in battles. Tessouat died shortly afterwards. During the wars between the Iroquois and many other tribes, the local group has been to 1650 nearly wiped out. Trading on the river remained until the Peace of Montréal in 1701 fought

Nicolas Perrot (1644-1717) mentioned in his travel records an Isle du Borgne autrement Ditte Isle of Allumettes (Island of the one-eyed man, also called the island of matches ). With the one-eyed Tessouat was meant. He may be the successor to the Tessouat, was hit on the Champlain.

The name of a waterfall appears on the island as the Sault Allumettes match ( cases) for the first time in a map of 1680.

It was not until 1818 the first Europeans settled on the island. They were mostly employees of the Hudson 's Bay Company, the upstream talked a trading post called Fort William. Main source of income was the felling and transport across the river. Therefore, most residents lived in the south of the island. One of the first missionaries, perhaps the first was probably James Lynch, who reached the island on 24 September 1843. There was the first church in 1840, Saint -Alphonse- de -l'Île -aux- Allumettes. The Township Ile- aux- Allumettes was 1847.

After a fire had raged in the south in 1853, attracted many residents on the northern edge of the island, especially after Chapeau. This place was built in 1874 an independent Municipality. In 1910 the eastern part of the island of Saint -Joseph -de- l'Île -aux- Allumettes that rose to the Municipality in 1920 and also retired from the Township. They retained until the end of the 20th century their autonomy. On December 30, 1998, Chapeau Village and summarized the municipalitys L' Isle- aux- Allumettes and L' Isle- aux- Allumettes -Part- East Municipality of L' Isle- aux- Allumettes.

Swell

• RPJ Tailhan (ed.): Memoir sur les moeurs, coutumes et de l' Amérique religion of Sauvages septentrionale par Nicolas Perrot, Leipzig, Paris, 1864.
• Jackie Patterson (eds.): 1871 census of Allumette Iceland, Pontiac County, Quebec, Upper Ottawa Valley Genealogical Group, 2000.