Landtag of Baden-Württemberg

• CDU 60
• Green 36
• SPD 35
• FDP / DVP 7

The Landtag of Baden- Württemberg is the state parliament of Baden- Württemberg, based in Stuttgart. President of the Parliament since October 2011 Guido Wolf ( CDU).

History

The Landtag of Baden- Württemberg is in the tradition of democratic predecessors. At the time of the Weimar Republic, these were the parliament of the Republic of Baden and the Württemberg State Parliament of a free people. After the end of World War II, three countries were established on the territory of the later state of Baden -Württemberg.

The Consultative Assembly and the state parliament of Baden met from 1946 to 1952 in the historic department store in Freiburg im Breisgau. Baden Landtag president from 1947 to 1951 was Karl person.

The Parliament of the Land Württemberg-Hohenzollern came in 1946 initially as a country Consultative Assembly in Bebenhausen monastery in Tübingen together. President of the Landtag of Württemberg -Hohenzollern was 1947-1952 Karl Gengler.

The Constituent Assembly and the national parliament of Württemberg -Baden met from 1946 to 1952 in Stuttgart. President of the Landtag of Württemberg -Baden in 1946 were William Simpfendörfer and 1947-1950 Wilhelm Keil. As the venue served since 1947, erected in 1889 Eduard- Pfeiffer-Haus Foundation workers home in the Heusteigstraße 45 in Stuttgart. The same building also met the state parliament of Baden -Württemberg until 1961.

Building

Building of the Landtag of Baden -Württemberg, located at the upper castle garden square house of the Diet of 1961 ( designed by Horst Linde ) and the other side of the Konrad -Adenauer-Straße lies in 1987 inaugurated the House of Representatives. The two buildings are connected by a pedestrian tunnel. The original winning design by architect Peter von Seidlein was realized in 1964 in Tübingen as a university building. Within the two buildings are works of art by renowned artists.

The building is being converted from autumn 2013 to summer 2014. Objectives are energetic and technical improvements as well as a redesign of the roof of the plenary hall, the achieved so far no daylight. During the reconstruction of the parliament building of the parliament will meet on 25 September 2013 to the summer of 2014 in the Art Building.

Allocation of seats in the 15th electoral term

( The term of the elected 27 March 2011 15th parliament lasts from 1 May 2011 to 30 April 2016. )

Parliament President

The two Vice- Presidents of the Landtag in the current 15th legislative period are Brigitte deletion ( GREEN ) and Wolfgang Drexler (SPD).

Parliamentary groups

The order of the following naming the groups depends on their first occurrence in the sequence of legislatures since 1952. With simultaneous initial appearance of factions within a term of the order used in their faction strength.

Leader of the CDU

The CDU was represented in all state legislatures, as a group.

Leader of the SPD

The SPD was present in all diets as a fraction.

Leader of the FDP / DVP

The FDP / DVP was represented in all state legislatures, as a group.

Group Chairman of the GB / BHE

The League of expellees and disenfranchised ( BHE) was represented in the first parliament ( 1952-1956 ) as a fraction. The GB / BHE was represented in the 2nd and 3rd Parliament ( 1956-1964 ).

Leader of the NPD

The NPD was represented in the fifth parliament ( 1968-1972 ) as a fraction.

President of the Greens

Alliance 90/The Greens (or prior to 1993, THE GREEN known) are included continuously in the parliament since 1980.

In the 8th Parliament ( 1980-1984 ), the Greens had no faction status and were renamed as parliamentary group.

Leader of the Republican

The Republicans (REP ) were represented in the 11th and 12th Parliament. The only group chairman from 1992 to 2001 was Rolf Schlierer.

Election procedures

The election process for the Baden-Württemberg Landtag election process differs from many other states in that no state or district lists are prepared and that every voter has only one vote.

The Diet nominally 120 members elected every five years. Who will reach the most votes in the 70 constituencies, the direct mandate receives for that constituency and moves into the state legislature. The 120 seats are distributed nationwide in Sainte-Laguë/Schepers on all parties who have achieved at least 5 % of votes. After that, the seats of each party are - distributed to the four administrative districts - after Sainte-Laguë/Schepers. Until the state election of 2006, the seat allocation method was applied to D' Hondt for both aforementioned calculation steps.

Standing of a party in an administrative region of more seats to when it reaches here direct mandates, the other seats the party will be allocated within the administrative district of losing constituency candidates. These mandates are called secondary mandates. In the event that a party obtains a administrative region of more direct mandates, than endure this, procedure is as follows: The party retains their seats as overhang seats, but it is the number of seats increased this government district so that the allocation of seats to the ratio reached the number of votes corresponds again (compensation seats for the other parties).

By balancing the overhang seats there were in the 1990s diets with 140-155 members. In the 13th legislature of the state parliament had 128 MPs in the 14th legislative period and 139 in the 15th legislative period 138

The Baden-Württemberg election procedure is repeatedly criticized as being particularly complicated. In addition, there were up to the state election in 2006 systemic distortions, because the second mandates for aggrieved constituency candidates were allocated in order of the absolute number of votes. Thus, it was especially in regions with strong population growth constituencies, in which each of the smaller parties made ​​MPs because the constituency as a whole is very large and significantly different from the middle to the top. In other constituencies, it was almost impossible, however, beyond the direct mandate to be elected. In the 2006 election the smallest constituency Heilbronn had 81 073 registered voters and asked a deputy, the largest constituency of Tübingen with 136 406 registered voters could send three deputies in the parliament.

For the state election of 2011, the scheme for the award of the second mandates has been changed. Since then, no longer the absolute number of votes, but the share of the vote in the constituencies shall prevail.

Also, government districts in which overhang and compensatory seats are awarded disproportionately represented in the parliament. Thus, the distribution of constituencies on the government districts not equal to the ratio of the electorate. This especially is the smallest administrative district of Tübingen is regularly disproportionately represented in Parliament because here less overhang mandates and compensation seats are incurred by the generally superior performance of the CDU than in the other governorates. Finally, the control of the nomination of candidates in Baden-Württemberg election process is decentralized; in each of the 70 constituencies will be decided on the spot, who is a candidate. This means that the national councils or county party conventions of the parties have little influence on the nomination of candidates. Among other things, quotas can not be enforced. The 14th parliament had 23.7 percent the lowest proportion of women among the German state parliaments. In the 15th Parliament the proportion of women fell further to 18.1%. In all fractions less than one- third of the members are women ( Green 30.6%, SPD 17.1%, CDU 13.3%, FDP 0.0%).

Results of the regional elections (as a percentage of the voting shares )

(1) 2006: WASG ( 2) Based on the results of 1952, the KPD four seats were to be in the parliament, because the five- percent threshold was not related to the whole country, but in the election to the Constituent State Assembly on 9 March 1952 or separately for the predecessor countries Württemberg- Baden, Württemberg -Hohenzollern and Baden ( South Baden ) was considered. 1956 did not make the KPD, the five-percent hurdle. After it was banned by the Federal Constitutional Court in the same year she could no longer compete at the next elections.

Information about the election results and the allocation of seats in the Baden-Württemberg state parliament is the Statistical State Office.

Historical distribution of seats in the state parliament of Baden- Württemberg

Parliamentary reform

In 2007 a ​​cross-party motion was approved to a fundamental reform of Parliament. The key points are to:

• The previous evening celebration Parliament is a full-time parliament at the beginning of the 15th legislative period.
• The state retirement compensation is omitted from 2011, future MPs have to pay for their own pensions. For this, they receive a monthly additional 1587 euro, if they invest this amount proven in a retirement plan. Political Secretaries and full-time members of the government do not receive this amount, so that eg Minister for the retirement of an additional deputy's mandate can not benefit - unlike in other parliaments.
• From 2016, a substantial incompatibility of office and mandate applies. In particular, officials at rest on time, such as local election officials, the rights and obligations arising from the employment relationship for the duration of membership in the parliament.