Leccinum aurantiacum
Weißstielige Rotkappe ( leccinum leucopodium )
The Weißstielige Rotkappe ( leccinum leucopodium, syn. Albostipitatum L., L. aurantiacum ss auct.. Plur. , L. rufum ), also known as aspen Rotkappe or redskin Boletus, is a species of fungus in the family Dickröhrlingsverwandten.
- 6.1 Literature
- 6.2 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The cap is initially hemispherical, later upholstered shaped and aged approximately flat, but hardly depressed. It reaches a diameter of between 5 and 20 centimeters, more rarely. The ranges in color from yellow orange to orange-red to orange -brown; frequently it is ocher - yellow or brown. The surface is feinfilzig and dry. The edge is well above especially in young specimens. The tubes are quite narrow and long whitish to pale cream- tinted gray. At the age they turn olive - gray to yellowish by the mature spores. Bruises change color violettschwärzlich. The pores are also initially whitish, but soon to be dirty yellowish. Touching also arise violet gray spots. The stalk is 6-15 cm long and 1.5 to 3.5 inches thick; at the top it is slightly narrower. On a white ground are slightly protruding scales. At first they are whitish, later increasingly brick orange. At the base of the stem is often something blue green staining, which has intensified especially in pressure. The meat ( Trama ) is white and changes color when cut quickly wine red to violet. After some time, the tint goes into Vinviolettschwarz. In the base the meat is sometimes speckled blue-green. It tastes mild and has no particular smell. With ferrous sulfate, the Trama greenish gray in color and in previously uncolored areas slightly more greenish. Formalin reacts initially dirty rose and then braunviolettlich. The spore powder is colored ocher brown.
Microscopic characteristics
The basidia measure 25-32 x 8-11 microns. There are four spores on them. They are fusiform -elliptic, and measure 13-18 x 4-5.5 microns. Thus, the ratio between length and width is about 3.3 ( 2.7 to 3.6 ). The cystidia are club shaped, bottle-shaped or sometimes spindle- formed and measure 30-50 x 8-15 microns. Often they have produced solid tip which can be of different length. The hyphae of the hat skin are lying or upright and consist of short cells with 25-40 × 9-16 (20 ) micrometer-sized end links. They are interspersed with thinner, three to eight microns thick hyphae.
Artabgrenzung
There are some of Weißstieligen Rotkappe similar species that were formerly grouped under one taxon. Very similar among the birch Rotkappe (L. versipelle ). In addition to the distinctive tree partners it has a significantly schwarzschuppigen stalk and turns blackish directly at pressure points without redden before. Other similar species such as the deciduous forest Rotkappe ( Leccinum aurantiacum ), which lives in symbiosis with oak trees, or occurring under conifers species differ in this aspect.
Ecology and phenology
The Weißstielige Rotkappe is a mycorrhizal fungus that is strictly tied to aspen (Populus tremula ). According to the population of these species of fungus grows mostly in individual poplar groups in spruce - fir forests, moors, near the forest and in clearings, he is also in different beech and spruce forests. The Weißstielige Rotkappe is not very choosy in their soil requirements. It prefers acidic soils. In basic ground it is rare and almost impossible to find on dry ground.
The fruiting bodies appear from June to October, rarely also already in May.
Dissemination
The Weißstielige Rotkappe is widespread throughout Europe, where it is ( sub) meridional found to boreal. However, it comes in southern and western Europe is not often, in some regions only rarely. Towards the east and north is the fungus found more often. In Germany dominates a fairly even distribution.
The presence of the species have declined markedly in recent years. The reasons are probably environmental influences and increasingly rare stocks of aspen, especially in spruce forests.
Importance
The Weißstielige Rotkappe regarded as a good edible mushroom. The black discoloration is true when cooking not go back, but is not harmful.