Leukoplakia

As leukoplakia ( from Ancient Greek λευκός leukos "white" and an ancient Greek πλάξ, genitive ancient Greek πλακός plakós " plate ", " surface " - literally " white space " ), all white, non -wipe lesions of the mucosa. Leukoplakia is a keratinization disorder with cellular and epithelial atypia. The causes nicotine and alcohol abuse as well as mechanical stimuli are called. Leukoplakia generally belongs to the facultative precancerous lesions - with erosive and verrucous leukoplakia show a degeneracy potential for squamous cell carcinoma. Flat leukoplakia are generally benign, verrucous ( wart-like ) leukoplakia histologically true carcinoma in situ. The differential diagnosis obligate the following pathologies must be included: Friktionskeratose, Morsicatio buccarum, candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, white sponge nevus, lichen planus, Chronic Discoid lupus erythematosus ( CDLE ) and burns.

For early detection of degenerate leukoplakia is the brush biopsy or staining with toluidine blue available. The final diagnosis is made by biopsy and histopathological examination. The treatment of choice is surgical removal of leukoplakia (excision, laser or cryosurgery ).

Molding

• Leukoplakia simplex ( plana ): homogeneous, white, generally sharply defined mucosal district with a smooth surface. Usually harmless, degeneration rates are percentages to three.
• Leukoplakia verrucosa: surface is raised warty. Cancer risk: 11 percent ( depending on the examination up to 20 percent )
• Leukoplakia erosiva: Irregular leukoplakia with red areas. Degeneration rate is about (30 to ) 38 percent
• Erythroplakia: Erythroplakia is often performed as a standalone alongside the keratinization leukoplakia. It is an obligatory precancerous lesion or carcinoma in situ with invasive growth. Unfavorable prognosis when the disease is localized to the floor of the mouth, tongue base or edge of the tongue.

Swell

• Skin disease