Leysin
Leysin
Leysin (French [ lɛzɛ ], in the local Provençal dialect: [( ɛ ː ) la ː ͤ ͥ tsɛ ] ) is a municipality in the district of Aigle in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
With a foreign population of 61.7 percent Leysin has the highest percentage of all Swiss communities.
Geography
Leysin is located at 1,253 m above sea level. M., 4 km north-east of the district main town Aigle ( straight line ). The village is located east of the Rhone Valley on a wide terrace on the southern slope of the Tour d' Aï, high above the valley of the Grande Eau, a scenic location.
The area of 18.5 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the Vaud Alps. In the southern part of the area is the terrace of Leysin (around 1,250 m above sea level. M. ), which is limited to the valley of the Grande Eau hang by a parallel series of forest hills. Interrupted by the valley of the Ruisseau de Ponty, the terrace is located in the southwest in the basin of Veyges continued. In the south of the municipality of soil ranges in the valley of the Grande Eau, which drains the area to the Rhône.
In the west the boundary runs along the mountain ridge of La Riondaz and Berneuse ( 2,045 m above sea level. M. ). To the north of the municipality of soil in the pastures (M. 2'326 m above sea level. ) Extends to the striking consisting of limestone mountain ranges of Tour d' Aï ( with 2'331 m above sea level. Highest elevation of Leysin ), Tour de Mayen and Tour de Famelon ( 2,138 m above sea level. M. ). In depressions on the southern slopes of these mountains are the mountain lakes Lac d' Aï, Lac de Mayen and Lac Segray. From the municipality surface 1997 7 % was attributable to settlements, 37 % of forest and shrubs, 33 % to agriculture and slightly less than 23% was unproductive land.
At the village of Leysin Feydey ( 1'398 m above sea level. M. ) above the village, the settlement Esserts ( 1,340 m above sea level. M. ) northeast of Leysin, the village En Crettaz include ( 1'225 m above sea level. M. ) on the terrace north of the fleet de Crête and Veyges ( 1'113 m above sea level. M. ) in a trough between the mountainside and the Efflot de Veyges, the alpine settlements Aï ( 1,892 m above sea level. M. ) at Lac d ' Aï and Mayen ( 1'842 m above sea level. M. ) at Lac de Mayen and some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Leysin are Aigle, Yvorne, Corbeyrier and Ormont -Dessous.
Population
With 3949 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Leysin is one of the medium-sized municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the 56.1 % inhabitants are French-speaking, 11.9 % in English and 3.5 % German-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Leysin amounted in 1900 to 1065 inhabitants. Throughout the 20th century, a continuous population growth was recorded (1970: 2 752 inhabitants). After a temporary sharp decline during the 1970s, the population now plays again. Leysin is the municipality with the highest proportion of foreigners ( 61.7 percent, as of 2011).
Economy
Leysin was until the end of the 19th century, mainly stamped by agriculture village. After that, with the improved transport links put (road and rail ), a rapid development for recreational and health resort (especially the treatment of tuberculosis ).
Today, dairy farming and livestock have only a minor role in the occupational structure of the population. Most jobs are available in the local small businesses and especially in the service sector. The commercial is entirely tailored to the needs of tourism. Leysin is the seat of the American College of Switzerland (ACS - Part of Schiller International University) and location of the renowned Leysin American School ( LAS ) and the Kumon Leysin Academy of Switzerland ( KLAS ). Furthermore, there is a hotel school and several language schools. Since 1956, is located in a branch of the Club Méditerranée.
Tourism
From about 1870, Leysin developed into an important health resort; tourism began, and many new hotels were built. In 1900 Leysin gained international reputation as a place of treatment for tuberculosis. The patients were subjected to a sun therapy for Leysin with its south-facing slope, protected from cold north winds and mostly above the haze and high fog ceiling of the Rhone Valley was particularly suitable. Subsequently, numerous sanatoriums emerged ( during the boom a total of about 80). At the same time Leysin was also expanded to a ski resort.
After antibiotics for the treatment of lung diseases have been discovered, the mountain resort suffered after the Second World War economic slump. Most sanatoria were closed or converted into hotels and apartments. Due to the re -emerging tourism since the 1950s, the economic decline could soon be compensated.
Today Leysin is a modern tourist and sports center, aimed at both the winter and on summer tourism. The slopes and Alps of Aï and Mayen are accessible by several mountain railways and ski lifts. On the summit of the Berneuse is the modern panorama Kuklos. The area around the Tour d' Aï, Tour de Mayen and Tour de Famelon with the three mountain lakes is a popular hiking destination.
Traffic
The community is located off the major thoroughfares. It is accessible by a spur road from Le Sépey on the main road Aigle- Col des Mosses. On November 6, 1900, the day of the Transports Publics du Chablais (TPC ) -driven gear train Aigle- Leysin (AL) was inaugurated with three stops in Leysin. For the dispersion in public transport, the bus line that runs from Le Sépey to Leysin provides.
History
The first written mention of the village was 1232 Leissins. The place name is derived from a Latin personal name Latius or Lesius with the Ortsnamensuffix - anum.
The old center of Leysin is located on a terrace behind a wooded hilltop and can not be seen from the Rhône valley. While the former inhabitants lived in a large seclusion, but were not affected by etwelchen plundering of the Rhône Valley. Since the Middle Ages Leysin belonged to the Duchy of Savoy and was ecclesiastically and administratively dependent on Aigle.
With the conquest of domination Aigle by Bern in 1476 Leysin came under the administration of the government of Aigle. The Reformation was introduced in 1528 in the village. It was not until 1702 Leysin became an independent municipality. After the collapse of the ancien régime, the village belonged from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic to the canton of Geneva, who came up then with the enactment of the Act of Mediation in the canton of Vaud. 1798 was assigned to the District Aigle.
For the first time greater notoriety gained Leysin in 1789 by the book Essay upon the principles of population, in which Thomas Malthus described the relatively long lifetime of the villagers (61 years ) compared to other European communities. He led this fact to the healthy climate and the seclusion ( the inhabitants are largely spared from infectious diseases of valley population ) back. This book was the basis for the Leysin was initially known internationally in the early 19th century as Genesungsort for the surrounding area, from about 1870.
Fusion community
The Leysin pursued in 2010 a fusion project with the neighboring communities of Aigle and Yvorne. In the referendum of 26 September 2010, the project failed short of a no- majority of 43 votes in the municipality of Aigle:
Attractions
The Reformed Church of Saint -Nicolas originates in the core of 1445, but has Baroque style in the 17th century. The site of Leysin is characterized by hotels and Sanatorienbauten (now renovated and redesigned ) from the early 1900's, including the Grand -Hôtel of 1892.
Station Leysin- Village, first in the background university sanatorium
Station Leysin- Feydey