Liberation movement

As a liberation movement or freedom of movement, a group is called, organized a rebellion against a colonial or Neokolonialmacht or against a dictatorial government. The term is applied on one hand nationalist and ethnicistic, on the other hand also to social emancipation and socialist movements.

General

If the goal of a liberation movement, the establishment of a nation-state on its own territory is ( separatism ), it is also called Independence or autonomy movement.

Liberation movements are often worn by most oppressed sections of the population, around which there is another segment of the population, while it is often religious motives have a crucial importance. Not rarely go there in Christian communities impetus to overcoming oppression (cf. Liberation theology ).

Liberation movements occur mainly in Latin America, Africa, including the Arab states, and in the successor states of the Soviet Union. In Europe, liberation movements have played an important role until the 20th century at the formation of states.

International legal significance

Particularly explosive in international law, the classification of insurgents (national) liberation movements, as recognized by the international community liberation movements plays partial international legal personality, they must therefore adhere to international humanitarian law and enjoy protection from the intervention of other states ( prohibition of intervention ). At the same time such a classification is controversial, since the implicit assistance given a liberation movement in contrast to ordinary insurgents, in itself already constitutes a violation of international law intervention in the internal affairs and therefore in the internal sovereignty of a state. In addition, it can be noted that the decision on the existence of a liberating component of an armed rebel group itself is hardly a legal issue, but on the arbitrary, for double standards and underlying interests held susceptible field of international politics and realpolitik interpretation of international law.

List of political and paramilitary groups that occur as a liberation movements

• Liberation Front of the people, Jedinstveni narodnooslobodilački front, JNOF, sporadically National Liberation Front ( Yugoslavia)
• Frente de Liberación Nacional (Argentina ), FLN
• Frente de Liberación Nacional (Peru ), FLN
• Frente de Liberación y de la Unidad, FLU, (Morocco, 1975 against the Polisario )
• Frente Nacional da Libertação de Angola, FNLA
• Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, FFMLN (El Salvador)
• Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, Sandinistas also FSLN (Nicaragua )
• National Liberation Front ( Algeria ) FLN (Algeria)
• Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe, FROLIZI (Mozambique )
• Frontu di Liberation Naziunalista Corsu, FLNC (Corsica)
• Frontul Salvării national, FSN (Romania )
• Forces Nationales de Libération, FNL (Burundi)
• Fuerzas de Liberación Nacional, FLN (Mexico)
• Gorkha National Liberation Front, GNLF (Nepal)
• Kanak Socialist Front of National Liberation, FLNKS (New Caledonia)
• Karbi Longri National Liberation Front, KLNLF (India)
• Khmer People's National Liberation Front, KPNLF ( Cambodia )
• Moro National Liberation Front, MNLF (Philippines)
• National Liberation Front ( Albania), Inc.
• National Liberation Front ( Bahrain), جبهة التحرير الوطني - البحرين
• National Liberation Front of Kurdistan, ENRK (military arm of the PKK)
• National Liberation Front ( Greece), EAM
• National Liberation Front ( Macedonia ), NOF, Народно Ослободителен Фронт, НОФ
• National Liberation Front ( Tripura ), NLFT (India)
• National Liberation Front ( Yemen ), NLF
• National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, FLN
• Ogaden National Liberation Front, ONLF (Ethiopia )
• Uganda National Liberation Front, UNLF
• United National Liberation Front, UNLF (India)

• Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Bolivia ) Bolivian guerrilla movement of the 1960s and 1970s
• Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia ), Colombian guerrilla movement
• Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, guerrilla organization in Chiapas, Mexico
• Irish National Liberation Army, Republican group during the Troubles
• National Liberation Army (Albania)
• National Liberation Army (Algeria), during the War of Independence
• National Liberation Army ( Albanians in Macedonia )
• National Liberation Army (Costa Rica)
• National Liberation Army ( Macedonia )

• 26th of July Movement (Cuba ), M -26 -7 ( 1953-1961 )
• National Liberation Movement (Albania)
• National Liberation Movement ( Burkina Faso)
• National Liberation Movement, Party in Ghana (1954-1958)
• Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO ), the State of Palestine (1964 - )
• Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (Mexico), MLN, Party 1961-1964
• Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (Guatemala), MLN, Party 1960-1999
• Movimiento de Liberación Nacional - Tupamaros (Uruguay )

• Social Movement