Lilioideae

Lilium ledebourii

The Lilioideae are a subfamily of monocot plants ( Liliopsida ) in the lily family ( Liliaceae ). It is distributed in the northern temperate zone, particularly in East Asia and North America. To subfamily includes eleven genera with about 535 species.

Description

Members of the subfamily Lilioideae are uniformly highly and stand out sharply from the rest of Liliaceae from. You are always perennial herbaceous plant with onions as Überdauerungsorganen. The bulbs consist of a closed Nährblatt, the first sheet of the minor axis.

The stylus is built uniformly in the Lilioideae. It consists of a three-beam style channel which narrows in the pen base. All true Lilioideae missing Septalnektarien that are common in the other Liliaceae. However, they have nectaries at the base of Tepale but which may vary widely.

Very indicative of the Lilioideae is the lack of hose vessels and Raphidien.

The number of chromosomes always sticks to the base number 12. Polyploidy occurs, aneuploidy is rare.

System

The Erythroniaceae, Fritillariaceae, Liriaceae and Tulipaceae were formerly independent families, the genera of the families are now assigned to the lily family in the subfamily Lilioidae. Krause 1930 counted only the genera Lilium, Nomocharis, Fritillaria, Tulipa, Erythronium, Lloydia and Calochortus to the subfamily.

In 1937, Buxbaum the genera Gagea and Giradiella (today too Lloydia ) to the subfamily, but separated from Calochortus. Meanwhile Notholirion had been recognized as a distinct genus.

It shares the subfamily into three tribes:

Today, even the genera Medeola and Clintonia be counted to the subfamily. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown this relationship.

Currently includes eleven genera with about 535 species to the Lilioideae:

• Lilioideae: Giant lily ( Cardiocrinum ) with 3 types
• Clintonia with 3 types
• Tooth lilies ( Erythronium ) about 27 species, including the dog - tooth Lily
• Fritillaria approximately 130 species, including the Schachbrettblume
• Yellow stars ( Gagea ) about 90 kinds
• Korolkowia with a kind
• Lilies ( Lilium) about 110 species
• Fold Lilies ( Lloydia ) about 12 kinds, including with the Late wrinkles lily
• Medeola with a kind
• Nomocharis about 7 species
• Notholirion about 4 types
• Tulips ( Tulipa) about 150 species