Lintneria
Lintneria separatus ( preparation )
Lintneria is a genus of butterflies of the family of moth ( Sphingidae ). The genus has long been considered a synonym of the genus Sphinx, separated from this, however, again.
- 4.1 Notes and references
- 4.2 Literature
Features
Butterfly
The moths have a confused pattern of different shades of gray and brown tones that are crisscrossed with black and white on the top of the front wings. In contrast, the close relatives of the genus Sphinx are only weakly patterned or have a fairly regular pattern. From the internal wing margin to the basal runs in all modes, except during Lintneria arthuri and Lintneria maura a flashy pair of parallel lines. These are formed only very weakly with Sphinx or missing. There is a larger and a smaller Diskalfleck, the latter is closer to the front edge. In Sphinx, very few species have a very small, single Diskalfleck. Another feature that occurs only at Lintneria species is a grayish or brownish stain that almost symmetrically up to the area extends in all South and Central American and some Mexican species from near the inner edge at the wing base where the wing vein would be Cu2. For the other Mexican and the remaining North American species of this spot begins near the Diskalfleck and extends to the wing tip. In most species is a vigorous black, white -edged line formed in the inner angle. The post- medial area is different depending on the type patterned with white, brown and black lines. The wing outer edge is alternately white and black lined.
The upper side of the hind wings is mostly black and has a pair of wide, white, corrugated binding. A distinct black spot at the base of the genus differs in turn leucophaeata of Sphinx, with the exception of the Sphinx. The hem of the hind wings is colored the same as that of the front wing, but has a more distinct white coloring.
The thorax is variable with black, white and patterned colors of the front wings. The upper side of the abdomen usually has the same color as the ground color of the fore wings and carries otherwise a series of alternating white and black bands. The proboscis varies in length depending on the type, in all but functional. The long, narrow probe end in a crescent- shaped curved and hook-shaped tip. In the males, the probe shank is set with two rows of fine hairs, which are absent in the females.
Caterpillar
The body, including the head of the caterpillar is largely provided during the first four stages dense with fine, often white secondary bristles that allow the body surface appear grainy textured. The animals have centered on the back of the second thoracic segment, a horn-like, fleshy protuberance, which is replaced by an angled hump at the last stage. The back of this hump is pale cream color and often stained with pink or red tones. In the center is a black spot, which is highly variable. These features are found in none of the caterpillars of the genus Sphinx and the striking built thorax with the fleshy protuberance and the hump is unique among the enthusiasts. In the last larval instar, the secondary bristles are greatly reduced and irregularly distributed densely, thereby giving the caterpillar a smooth body surface, which has some similarity with snake skin. The body sides, the beads carry seven pairs of inclined stripes, each slightly protrude into the segment subsequent to the rear. The Analhorn is rather short and sharply curved at the end.
Doll
The dolls. Shape, color and surface structure similar to those of the genus Sphinx They have a movable abdomen and a distinctive cremaster. For species which are known to the doll, the proboscis sheath is exposed, but it varies from extremely long with a strongly curved away from the body line through to short and only slightly raised from the body.
Way of life
The caterpillars of the species occurring in the United States and Canada feed on Labiatae ( Lamiaceae ), in particular of sage (Salvia ). In Mexico it has Lintneria species on Wigandia from the family of water -leaved plants ( Hydrophyllaceae ), lantana ( Lantana ) from the family of the verbena family ( Verbenaceae ) and found to sage. In South America Lintneria was justiciae of Justicia from the family Acanthaceae ( Acanthaceae ) demonstrated, although in this case it is not certain whether you have the type not to be confused with similar ones from other genres.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Lintneria was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler 1876, but for a long time regarded as a synonym of Sphinx ( as listed in " hawkmoths of the World An Annotated and Illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: . Sphingidae ) ", the comprehensive list of species of the family of Kitching & Cadiou from 2000 ), although William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes in 1911 correctly recognized that the genus on the basis of the morphology of the track was to spin off of Sphinx. 2007, the genre finally by James P. Tuttle was reintroduced. This separation was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis.
The genus is widespread neuweltlich, the main distribution area is in Mexico.
Many of the species are known only from a single trapped moths, so the kinship assignment is not easy. Currently, the genus are attributed to 21 species. Of these five species, Lintneria eremitus, Lintneria eremitoides, Lintneria separatus, Lintneria istar and Lintneria smithi come permanently in North America, Lintneria lugens and Lintneria geminus there are detected as vagrants.
- Lintneria arthuri ( Rothschild, 1897)
- Lintneria aurigutta ( Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Lintneria balsae ( Schaus, 1932)
- Lintneria biolleyi ( Schaus, 1912)
- Lintneria eremitoides ( Strecker, 1874)
- Lintneria eremitus ( Hübner )
- Lintneria geminus ( Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Lintneria istar ( Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Lintneria justiciae (Walker, 1856)
- Lintneria lugens (Walker, 1856)
- Lintneria maura (Burmeister, 1879)
- Lintneria merops ( Boisduval, 1870)
- Lintneria phalerata ( Kernbach, 1955)
- Lintneria pitzahuac ( Mooser, 1948)
- Lintneria porioni ( Cadiou, 1995)
- Lintneria praelongus ( Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Lintneria pseudostigmatica ( Gehlen, 1928)
- Lintneria separatus ( Neumoegen, 1885)
- Lintneria smithi ( Cadiou, 1998)
- Lintneria tricolor ( Clark, 1923)
- Lintneria xantus ( Cary, 1963)