Lipowina
Lipowina ( German Lindenau district Heiligenbeil / East Prussia ) is a village in the northwest of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. It belongs to the rural community Braniewo ( Brown Mountain ) in the powiat Braniewski ( circle brown mountain).
- 4.1 Sons and daughters of the town
- 4.2 Connected to the place
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 External links
Geographical location
Lipowina located 13 kilometers southwest of the county town Braniewo ( Brown Mountain ) in the Polish province road 507 ( here section of the former German Empire Road 142), the county ( Olsztyn ) leads to the southeast as far as Dobre Miasto ( Guttstadt ) in the powiat Olsztyński. In Lipowina opens a secondary road that comes from the Polish- Russian border town Gronowo ( Gruna ) while Kalinówek ( agreement ) happens, from where you can prior to 1945, the former county town Heiligenbeil (now Russian: Mamonowo ), now in the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast ( Konigsberg area ) located, could be reached in only three kilometers.
In its day, designed as Reichsautobahn Berlin- Konigsberg today's Polish expressway S 22 Elbląg ( Elbing ) to continue to run since December 2010 on the Russian Highway P 516 up to Kaliningrad (Königsberg ( Prussia) ) extends four kilometers west of Lipowina and is across the junction Braniewo / ( / Brown mountain Mater yards ) to achieve Maciejewo.
The two kilometers further west Grodzie is a railway station on the state railway line from Braniewo ( Brown Mountain ) to Gutkowo ( Göttkendorf ) and continue to Olsztyn ( Olsztyn ).
History
The old estate village Lindenau was mentioned in documents for the first time on March 5, 1339. At that time it was owned by Nicholas Tolkyne. This gave on that day the Heinrich Bestmann the court in the village of Lindenau to free possession.
In 1444 Jost sold by Kirstansdurff the goods Lindenau and wide Linde (now Polish: Wola Lipowska ) restored to the family Kalnein, and Duke Albert of Prussia in 1567 in favor of John of Kalnein on Kilgis (now Russian: Krasnoarmeiskoje, formerly Sareschnoje ) the Tangible about the extensive properties.
Under the following him landlords of Lindenau, Linde wide Albrecht excelled by Kalnein ( 1611-1683 ). The district administrator and captain to Rastenburg ( Kętrzyn ) was in 1654 a member of the government in Königsberg ( Prussia) ( Kaliningrad ), then top Burggraf and 1664 President of the Higher Court of Appeal. The Good Lindenau was his country seat he extended even to goods such as grapes ( Strubiny ) Bahnau mill ( Banowski Mlyn ) and a pitcher in Rosenberg ( Krasnoflotskoje, now part of Mamonowo ).
His successor, Hans Albrecht von Lindenau Kalnein handed over the goods in 1704 to Joachim Melchior von Bredow, who is also the goods wide lime, grapes and Schöndamerau (later in Grunenfeld ( Gronówko ) risen ) possessed. His heirs sold the Lindenau goods in 1739 to General Field Marshal Friedrich Leopold von Gessler ( 1688-1762 ), who in the same year to his brother, the Count Albrecht Sigismund von Zeiguth - Stanislavsky ( 1688-1768 ), an illegitimate son of the Saxon Elector and the Polish King August II ( " the Strong" ) passed on.
Count of Zeiguth - Stanislavsky and his wife Princess Louise Albertine of Holstein- Beck (1694-1773) were in Lindenau built the stately manor house, whose example the 1731 finished Palais King Frederick William I in Königsberg ( Kaliningrad ) to have been on the King's Road. The Count took advantage of the good as a summer residence.
In 1773, the Lindenau goods initially went to Duke Karl Ludwig of Holstein- Beck ( 1690-1774 ) on, then to Prince Friedrich Karl Ludwig von Schleswig -Holstein -Sonderburg- Beck ( 1757-1816 ), from 1775 Duke of Holstein - Beck. This was married to Countess Friederike Amalie of Schlieben. In Lindenau, the Duke and Duchess created the stately park in its artistic design, the Duke himself was with the agricultural reformer Albrecht Thaer (1752-1828) in a lively exchange of ideas.
Lindenau experienced in the second half of the 18th century, probably his greatest glory. However, the goods Lindenau and Grunenfeld had to be auctioned off for economic reasons, and went in 1820 to Henry of Wolki, 1838 to Count Dohna - Lauck ( 1840-1909 ), whose family then 1094 acre manor Lindenau with Vorwerk Wilhelmshof ( Goleszewo ) to 1945 has owned and managed. Last Men on Lindenau was the officer and later politician Horst von Restorff ( 1880-1953 ).
As of June 11, 1874 from the rural communities Wide Linde ( Wola Lipowska ) and cherry village was ( Kiersy ) and the agricultural estates Henneberg ( Kokoszewo ) and the Lindenau district office Lindenau formed. On January 1, 1883 and the Gutsbezirk grapes ( Strubiny ) was incorporated. In 1928, then the previous Gutsbezirk Lindenau was converted into a rural community, so on September 1, 1931, the District Lindenau still only consisted of the three municipalities broad linden, cherry village and Lindenau. This condition remained until 1945.
In 1910, Lindenau counted 333 inhabitants. Their number increased to 1933 to 402 in 1939 and amounted to 396
By 1945, Lindenau belonged to the district Heiligenbeil in the district of Königsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia. Since 1945, the village from which the German population had fled or been expelled, Polish under the name Lipowina and belongs to the Gmina Braniewo in powiat Braniewski in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship ( 1975-1998 Elbląg Voivodeship ). The village has nearly 900 inhabitants. The former manor was a state farm. New Year's Eve 1978, the manor house was completely gutted. The walls are still standing since been abandoned to decay.
Religion
Parish Church
End of the 15th century, built of fieldstone church was built in Lindenau. In 1575 the bell tower was rebuilt in the 18th century extensive renovations took place. During World War II the building was destroyed.
After 1945 a new church was built in Lipowina that. The name of Mary, carrying the "Queen of Poland"
Parish / parish
Lindenau is a pre-Reformation parish seat of since the Reformation, a Protestant parish, " Great Lindenau " called, was formed. It belonged until 1945 to the church district Heiligenbeil in the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Church of the Old Prussian Union. For parish Lindenau were more than 1,000 church members who lived in the parish of thirteen places (* = school places ):
- * Wide Linde (now Polish: Wola Lipowska )
- Damerau ( Dąbrowa )
- Henneberg ( Kokoszewo )
- * Lindenau ( Lipowina )
- Mater yards ( Maciejewo )
- Mertensdorf ( Marcinkowo )
- Mosquitoes
- Page village ( Zakrze )
- * Sun chair ( Świętochowo )
- * Vogelsang ( Zakrzewiec )
- Wilhelmshof ( Goleszewo )
However, now Catholic - - parish built on 3 May 1990 was in Lipowina again. It belongs to the deanery Braniewo ( Brown Mountain ) in the Archdiocese of Warmia of the Catholic Church in Poland. Here surviving Protestant church members belong to the Diocese of the Evangelical - Augsburg Church Mazury in Poland.
Pastor
From the Reformation until the expulsion in 1945 as a Protestant clergyman officiated in Lindenau:
- Franziscus Rüdiger, 1550/1553
- Peter Reinhard, 1554-1590
- Matthew Gisäcus, 1590-1636
- Peter Gisäcus, 1636-1656
- Paul Crüger, 1656-1661
- Melchior Becker, 1660-1665
- Johann Steinböck, 1665-1693
- Heinrich Möller, 1693-1705
- Georg Keber, 1706-1711
- Jacob Michael Weber, 1711-1721
- Johann Boehnke, 1721-1732
- Karl Sigismund Krüger, 1733-1759
- Fr Christian Borchert, 1760-1787
- Christlieb L. Augar, 1787-1798
- Johann Gotthilf Pohl, 1798-1810
- Johann Friedrich Berck, 1810-1827
- Philipp Jacob Tobien, 1827-1844
- Theodor Eduard Giese, 1845-1885
- Ludwig Th as Anchorman, 1885-1899
- Otto Balzer, 1899-1907
- Gustav Sulanke, 1907-1917
- Helmut Guddas, 1917-1945
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Friedrich Wilhelm (1785-1831), Duke of Schleswig -Holstein -Sonderburg- Glücksburg
- Horst von Restorff (1880-1953), German officer, landowner and politician ( DNVP )
Associated with the place
- Albrecht Sigismund von Zeiguth - Stanislawski, Postmaster-General of Prussia, since 1736 Reichsgraf, passed away on September 16, 1768 Good Lindenau
- Friedrich von Restorff (1840-1909), since 1864 Rittergutsbesitzer in Lindenau, a member of the provincial Landtag in Prussia