Lithospermum arvense

Acker - Stone Same ( Buglossoides arvensis)

The Acker - Stone Same ( Buglossoides arvensis, syn: Lithospermum arvense), also known as " arable beef tongue ", is a plant of the genus beef tongues ( Buglossoides ) from the family of Boraginaceae ( Boraginaceae ). Previously, she was assigned to the genus gromwell ( Lithospermum ).

Description

The field - Gromwell is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of growth between 10 and 50 cm in the rule. The stem grows upright and is rarely branched way branching at the base. He is hairy pressed - bristly. The stem has at the base of a reddish color, this is also the reason for the older German name Bauer makeup. The leaves are ovate to lanceolate oblong hairy of shape and appressed bristly; the lower ones narrowed into a stalk. They are usually acuminate, rarely rounded. The flowers grow in most recently extended wrap. The six to eight mm wide crown is hardly longer than the calyx. It is usually white in color, very rarely blue, reddish or creamy white. The yellowish- brown, triangular part fruits are warty or pitted and have a length of two to 3.5 mm.

The flowering period extends substantially from April to July.

Subspecies

The field - Gromwell occurs in two subspecies: Firstly, the Buglossoides arvensis subsp. arvensis and on the other Buglossoides arvensis subsp. sibthorpianum ( Bluish arable Gromwell ), which differs among other things, a usually blue crown.

Ecology

The field - stone seed is an annual, summer and winter annual plant.

The flowers are vorweiblich and produce only sparse nectar. They are therefore only rarely visited by butterflies, especially by whites of the genus Pieris, next by bees and hoverflies relatives. Spontaneous self-pollination is possible.

The fruits are brown and dull Klausen. They have a hair wreath in the rough-haired, terminating cup and spread by Velcro spread. In addition, people spread occurs by entrainment with arable soil.

Locations and distribution

The species grows in cereal weeds companies, along roadsides and occasionally debris. She prefers not to acidic loamy soil.

The field - stone seed comes from the Mediterranean prior to Scandinavia as well as North and West Asia. As a neophyte, it occurs also in North America.

In Germany the species is quite common in the central and southern part. Less commonly, it occurs in the west and north. The subspecies B. arvensis subsp. sibthorpianum can be found only on Hiddensee, Rügen and in a few places in Thuringia, Anhalt and Brandenburg. In Austria the arable Gromwell in the Pannonian region is frequently, otherwise scattered to rare. In Switzerland, it can be located generally dissipates.

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