Little Rock Nine

The Little Rock Nine were the first black students in 1957, three years after official desegregation in American schools (see Brown v. Board of Education) to the Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, went.

History

The then governor of the state, Orval Faubus, was the evening parade before the first day of school on September 2 that under his command the National Guard, to deny approximately sixteen year old students from entering into the building, also demonstrated applied white front of the school building.

The governor had to withdraw from school due to a court ruling, the National Guard on 20 September. On September 23, the black student tried again, attend classes, but had a few minutes to school because of the angry crowd again leave.

In order to enforce the federal law, President Eisenhower presented on 24 September, the 10,000 troops comprehensive National Guard of Arkansas under federal command. He sent at the request of the mayor of Little Rock federal troops (1200 soldiers of the 101st Airborne Division ) in the city, broke up the gatherings of white demonstrators around the school and the black pupil protected on the way to school and in the building up to the doors of the classroom.

This was following students to attend school on 25 September for the first time allows for a full day of school:

  • Melba Beals Pattilo ( b. 1941 )
  • Elizabeth Eckford ( b. 1941 )
  • Ernest Green ( b. 1941 )
  • Gloria Ray Charles Mark ( b. 1942 )
  • Carlotta Walls Lanier ( b. 1942 )
  • Terrence Roberts ( b. 1941 )
  • Thomas Jefferson (1942-2010)
  • Minnijean Brown Trickey ( b. 1941 )
  • Thelma Mothershed Wair - (* 1940)

Even after they were given access to school, it still came to hostility and exclusion against the nine students. Eight of the nine students finished the school year, three time made on the Central High graduate. 40 years later, the Little Rock Nine were awarded by U.S. President Clinton for her courage in asserting their civil rights. Terrence Roberts was on 20 January 2009 Guest of honor at the inauguration of the first U.S. president of African-American origin, Barack Obama, in Washington, DC

Film

Charles Guggenheim turned in 1964, seven years after the events, a documentary about the student ( Nine from Little Rock ), which was awarded the Oscar for best documentary short film. A banner of the Berlin game intros of Billy Wilder's " 1, 2, 3 " is set to " What happened in Little Rock? ".

Dwight D. Eisenhower Bill Clinton Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject)
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