Liu Shaoqi

Liu Shaoqi (Chinese刘少奇/刘少奇; * November 24, 1898 in Huaminglou, Hunan Province, † November 12, 1969 ) was President of the People 's Republic of China.

Life

The son of wealthy farmers completed his education at the same Lehrerbildungsanstalt as before Mao Zedong. In 1917 he was a founding member of the Society for New People's studies, who was also Mao. Instead of going to a preparatory year to continue his studies in France, he enrolled at the foreign language school in Shanghai, which went back to an initiative of the Comintern. From 1921 to 1922 he lived in Moscow, where he studied at the University of the workers of the East. At the same time he became a member of the newly founded Communist Party of China.

On his return he was at the direction of the party in the coalfield of Anyuan, Jiangxi Province, and actively participated until 1925 instrumental in organizing strikes and unions. Between 1925 and 1927 he continued this work, including in Hubei and Shanghai. Most notable was the development in Wuhan, where in 1926 within two months 300,000 workers in 200 unions were a member newly established. On the 5th Congress of the Communist Party in 1927 he was inducted into the Central Committee.

Offices

Thus began a brilliant career, during which he held numerous positions, including:

In 1934 he took part in the Long March and supported Mao Zedong during the conference of Zunyi. Upon arrival in Shaanxi Province in 1935, which marked the end of the Long March, he became head of the North China section in Beijing. In 1936 he was CCP general secretary for North China and led the anti- Japanese movement in this area. From 1937 to 1938 he was certain with the personnel policy of the Organization Department and lectured on Marx- Lenin Institute.

1939-1969

From 1939 to 1945 he uses in writing to publish his political views. After the proclamation of the People 's Republic of China Liú was elected by the Second and Third People's Congress, becoming its President. In the early 1950s, he contributed to the economic development of China.

Further stations were:

1959, after the resignation of Mao, he assumed the post of chairman of the People's Republic of China and traveled to Moscow in this function, Indonesia, Burma, Cambodia, North Korea, Pakistan and Afghanistan. He was able to strengthen his domestic political position. During a trip to his home village, he learned the excesses of the so-called Great Leap know. At a meeting of all the leading people of China, he reached by a ( previously submitted in any other form) speech in which he criticized Mao that other him, although Lin Biao did not do this, and followed Mao was persuaded to resign his offices. In the 1960s, he helped to overcome caused by the Great Leap Forward economic disaster. At the beginning of the Cultural Revolution in 1967, he was finally arrested. Two years later he died in prison in Kaifeng and was only at the Fifth Plenary Session of the XI. Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in February 1980 posthumously rehabilitated.

On a personal level, Liu Shaoqi was a five compounds. First, he was associated with a Russian woman, than in 1921 his studies in the Soviet Union continued. In 1922 he married He Baozhen, who was executed in 1933 in Nanjing. The third wife Xie Fei谢 飞from Wenchang, Hainan, they took part in 1934 in the Long March. From his fourth marriage, 1940-1945 Qian Wang (王 前), went one son ( Liu Yunzhen刘允 真) and a daughter ( Liu Tao刘涛) out. In 1946 he married Wang Guangmei, with whom he had two daughters.

Works

• Liu Shao- Chi: How to Be a Good Communist. Publisher Foreign Languages ​​Press, Peking 1965
• Liu Shaoqi: Selected Writings and materials. Edition Cordeliers, Stuttgart 1982. ISBN 3-922836-08-9
• Liu Shaoqi: Selected works, Vol I ( English) Foreign Languages ​​Press, Beijing 1984 ISBN 0-08-031803-7