Livedo racemosa
As livedo racemosa (also vasculitis racemosa ) is defined as a net-like reddish- purplish skin drawing that can occur in idiopathic or associated with a variety of other systemic disease, especially autoimmune diseases and vasculitis.
Symptoms and complaints
The net-like skin lesions occur mainly on the legs, upper arms and trunk and are often reinforced by cold. If the discomfort associated with systemic diseases on the frequency of occurrence of the underlying disease is dependent. The idiopathic form affects mainly young adults and middle-aged women. In this form ulcers on the legs can be observed. Another variant with participation of small brain arteries represents the Sneddon syndrome dar. Here are epilepsy, visual field defects, or even stroke complications.
Pathogenesis
Due to proliferation of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of the small and medium-sized blood vessels in the skin, for example, in inflammatory processes it comes to stenosis or occlusion of the same. This is often exacerbated by cold. Alternatively, the cap can also be because of an increased viscosity of the blood, which can lead to stagnation of blood flow and the formation of microthrombi. Due to the interrupted or insufficient blood flow in individual areas of the skin there is irregular and varies across regions, oxygen supply to the tissues. Oxygen-poor blood is darker than oxygenated blood, which is why there is a juxtaposition of rosy and bluish livid skin color.
Causes
It is not always a cause for the skin appearance to find ( Idiopathic livedo reticularis ), but they are found in connection with a number of systemic diseases. You can, among other things occur in:
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Thromboangiitis obliterans
- Bacterial endocarditis
- Lupus erythematosus
- Dermatomyositis
- Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Chronic polyarthritis (rheumatoid arthritis)
- Arterial embolism
- Cutaneous B -cell lymphoma
- Cryoglobulinemia
- Hypertension
- Pancreatitis
- Arteriosclerosis
- Pseudohyperparathyreoidism
- Hepatitis
- Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome