Loděnice (Beroun District)

Loděnice ( German Lodenitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic. It is located eight kilometers north-east of Beroun and belongs to Okres Beroun.

Geography

Loděnice is located at the mouth of the creek Krahulovský creek in the valley of Loděnice, which is referred to here as Kačák. The village is located south of the nature park Povodí Kačáku in Křivoklátská Highlands. In the north, the Ovčácký vrch ( 367 m) and the Trhlina rise ( 429 m), northeast the Blýskavka ( 427 m) and the Hačka (425 m ) in the east of Kolo (407 m) and in the west of the Hřeben (431 m ). On the southern outskirts of the village the highway D 5 / E 50 between Prague and Beroun, behind the railway line Beroun- Rudná near Prague runs.

Neighboring towns are Pece II, Pece I and Chrustenice in the north, Blýskavka, Drahelčice, V Hlubokém, Krahulov and Mezouň in the northeast, V Hačkách and Vysoký Újezd ​​in the east, Kuchař Lužce, Trněný Újezd ​​and Kozolupy the southeast, Bubovice, Cernidla and Jánská in south, Sedlec and Vráž the southwest, Lesích Na, Na Malé Vráži and Lhotka u Berouna in the west and Železná and Malé Přílepy in the northwest.

History

Archaeological finds indicate a settlement of the area at the Loděnice since the Middle Palaeolithic. In particular, from the Neolithic rich finds were made. During construction of the D 5 freeway at V Hlubokém remains of a Celtic settlement were discovered. At the point of Jánská was an ironworks settlement in the 1st and 2nd centuries.

The first written mention of a settlement Loděnice took place in 1088 in the boundary description of the Tetín country. The chronicler Gerlach described in the time of the power struggle between Duke Soběslav II and his adversary Bedřich battle at the place and river Loděnice (ad locum qui dicitur et rivulem Lodenitze ), won the Soběslav on January 23, 1179 and Bedřich lost several hundred men. Based on Gerlach's description of the battlefield was on the way to Prague in the basic Hluboký dul of the stream Krahulovský creek. Four days later, it came on at Na Bojišti before the New Town to a renewed encounter between the two rivals to the throne of Bohemia, in which Bedřich with the support of the Moravian Margrave Conrad III. Otto was able to prevail.

1783, the church was elevated to Loděnice the local church, before she was a branch of the parish church Budňany. At the beginning of the 19th century founded Antonín Kozák a workshop for wooden rims wheels. On April 3, 1845 Karl Goldstein and Charles Kleinberg founded with wonderful power the country Baumwollgarnspinnfabrik to Lodenitz, which was powered by steam engines of 24 hp. With 125 workers, the factory in the following year, the largest commercial enterprise in the reign of Charles Stein was ..

In 1846, which lies along the National Highway village Lodenitz from 42 houses consisted of 328 residents. Under patronage landesfürstlichem the local church of St. Wenceslas, the Lokalie and the school stood. In the village there was also a stop - inn, the cotton - spinning machinery factory and two mills, one of which was operated by steam and connected to the factory. South of the village, a limestone quarry was operated. Lodenitz was vicarage for WRAZ and Chrustenitz and part of Nenatschowitz .. Until the mid- 19th century, the village of the Imperial remained Panel reign Charles Stone humbly.

After the abolition of patrimonial Loděnice / Lodenitz formed in 1850 a municipality in the district of Smíchov and judicial district of Beroun. In the hallway V Banich a lime kiln was operated for local subsistence. 1868, the community was assigned to the district Hořovice. The lime kiln was extended in 1870 on the initiative of Antonín Kozák and at the same time also included the production of bricks. In the same year was in the cotton mill Sobotka under the direction of the Director in January Strehler a volunteer fire department works with 32 members, who was also the first fire department in the district Hořovice. In 1873 a post office was established in Loděnice. In 1890, a stocking knitting. With the completion of the railway line Beroun- Dušníky Loděnice 1897 connected to the railway network. The local volunteer fire department Loděnice was formed in 1898. On 2 February 1898, the municipal council of Loděnice applied to the Ministry of the Interior to survey market town. On August 15, 1900 rose Emperor Franz Joseph I. Loděnice to market town and granted a coat of arms. In 1900 Loděnice consisted of 88 houses and had 1228 inhabitants. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the name form Lodenice found alternatively as an official place name use. In 1921, the market town Loděnice had grown to 164 houses in which people lived in 1505. In 1932 the Městys Loděnice u Berouna had 1500 inhabitants. 1934, joined the works fire brigade and the local fire department together. Since 1936 Loděnice belongs to Okres Beroun. After 1948 Loděnice lost its status as Městys. In the building of the former cotton mill which Gramofonové závody Loděnice took in 1951 on the production of records, a little later the first Magnettonbänder in Czechoslovakia were manufactured in the factory. On the Loděnice station, the film was shot in 1966 by Jiří Menzel Closely Watched Trains. Between 1977 and 1984 by the building of the highway.

On 1 January 1980, Chrustenice and Nenačovice and amalgamated with the beginning of 1986 Svatý Jan pod Skalou, Jánská and Sedlec. In 1981 the townscape formative cement factory was built. 1988 produced the Gramofonové závody Loděnice the first CDs in Czechoslovakia. Chrustenice, Nenačovice, Sedlec and Svatý Jan pod Skalou dissolved in November 1990 again from Loděnice.

After the political change arose from the Gramofonové závody Loděnice the company GZ Digital Media as that is with 1400 employees the largest employer in the region, Beroun and is according to its own statement with an annual output of six million vinyl records the world's largest manufacturer. Another major companies in Loděnice is the cement plant Cemix.

Community structure

The municipality consists of the villages Loděnice Jánská and Loděnice. To Loděnice include the settlements Cernidla and V Hlubokém.

Attractions

• Church of Sts. Wenzel, the original Gothic building from the mid-14th century received its present Baroque appearance in the conversion of 1725
• Late Baroque presbytery
• Chapel of St. Anthony of Padua on the Underground Habru tří on the eastern slope of Kolo, it was in 1892 at a source and renovated in 2008
• Vinice Castle, built in 1873 as a summer residence for the Prague hotel owner Antonín Cívka. The first, referred to as Letohrádek rodiny Cívkovi Neorenaissancevilla with two residential towers, a terrace and extensive wine cellars later named Castle Vinice. Over time, it served as Likörabfüllerei, banana ripening and mission school. The building is not a cultural monument.
• Lookout tower Lhotka u Berouna, west of Loděnice
• Memorial to the fallen of the First World War created, 1920. Granite pyramid was originally built in 1881 to commemorate the visit of Crown Prince Rudolf in Loděnice.
• Statue of St. John of Nepomuk
• Memorial to Jan Hus
• Natural Monument Branžovy, slope with heat- loving vegetation southwest of the village
• Natural Monument Špičatý vrch - Barrandovy jámy, paleontological site of the Silurian, south of Loděnice
• Natural Monument Syslí louky u Loděnice, meadow with population of European Ziesels, south of the village