Louis Marie Florent du Châtelet
Louis Marie Florent du Châtelet or complete notation: Louis Marie Florent de Lomont d' Haraucourt, duc du Châtelet (* November 20, 1727, † December 13, 1793 ) was a lieutenant général and diplomat in French service. Born in Semur -en- Auxois, he died in Paris under the guillotine.
Life
He came to the house du Châtelet ( a younger branch of the House Chasteler, which had in turn cleaved in the 13th century under Thierry de Lorraine, Seigneur d' Autigny, son of Duke Frederick I of Lorraine, the house of Lorraine. )
Louis Marie Florent de Lomont was the son of Florent Claude, Marquis du Châtelet and Émilie du Châtelet, penpal of Voltaire. In 1740 he took the title of Marquis du Châtelet. Later he called himself Comte de Lomont or Comte du Chatelet - Lomont. Since 1770 he was also the title of Duc du Châtelet.
On April 24, 1752, he married Diane Adélaïde de Rochechouart. This marriage united two of the most prestigious houses in France (→ House Rochechouart ). At the wedding in Versailles King Louis XV. , The Queen, members of the royal family, and the parents and friends of both houses were present.
At the Lorraine courtyard
In this period was the Marquis du Châtelet Colonel of the Régiment de Quercy and chamberlain of the former Polish King Stanislaus Leszczynski I., the father of Louis XV. and most recently, Duke of Lorraine and Bar ( This was however not a hereditary title.) Châtelet remained in Luneville, where his mother had died several years earlier and where the former Polish king maintained a large retinue. In 1754 he became Colonel of the Régiment de Navarre. On August 9, 1754 he was promoted to Brigadier in the " Régiment du Roi " in 1767 and to lieutenant colonel -.
After the death of his father in 1765 he inherited the castle Cirey.
As governor of Semur -en- Auxois and Toul, he was soon promoted to Maréchal de camp and decorated with the Grand Cross of the Ordre royal et militaire de Saint- Louis.
Ambassador in Vienna
In 1761 he was first appointed to the Messenger and in the same year by Louis XV to the ambassador to the court of Vienna. Here reigned as Emperor Franz I, Franz III. formerly Duke of Lorraine and Bar Châtelet here replaced the previous Ambassador César Gabriel de Choiseul - Praslin, who was appointed foreign minister.
After the death of Stanislaus Leszczynski I. in 1766 that he previously ruled duchy fell finally to France. Châtelet then saw no reason for it to stay in Luneville, and moved to his hometown after Cirey- sur -Blaise. In 1768 he was appointed French ambassador at the court of London, and was awarded in 1770 the non-hereditary title of Duke.
Revolution
1787 was Louis XVI. the Provincial Assembly convened to adopt for financial and economic reforms. The Duc du Châtelet was appointed by the King as Chairman of the Provincial Assembly of the Ile- de -France, of this honor as a " cousin " approached it. This facility, which consisted of members of the three estates, held its first meeting on 11 July of the year in Melun together. The Duc du Châtelet held in this Assembly the opening speech.
In 1789, after the convocation of the Estates-General, prepared himself increasingly unrest in the country, which spread to the Gardes Françaises, in which the Duc du Chatelet was one of the commanders at this time. In fear of the spread of the agitators principles would contradict the spirit of the troop discipline, the District Assemblies, the meeting was denied. At the beginning of the month July 1789 those of the Gardes Françaises, who refused to comply with the command should return to the barracks, are brought into the military prison "L'Abbaye ". To prevent this, however, the population had this already demolished.
On July 12, the infamous Duc du Châtelet in Paris was recognized by the crowd and it was trying to get hold of him. He took refuge in a military building in the Chaussée d' Antin, where a Capitaine Barbet presented protectively in front of him. This then brought his comrades to their Colonel sure to lead in the Hôtel de Richelieu, which served as their headquarters.
It ultimately not prevented the arrest of the Duke; the terror spares no one, workers, farmers or Duke, who seemed suspicious came up with the list.
On 13 December 1793, the Duc du Châtelet was beheaded on the " Place de la Révolution " in Paris by the guillotine.
Legacy
Louis Marie Florent, Duc du Châtelet left the Barony de Cirey the reigns Cirey Bouzancourt, Marbéville its part of the reign of Brachay, a third of the reign of Arnancourt, his rights to Morancourt and Blumeray, his fief Charmememont, Boulevaux, Paulie à Cirey and Stainville à Fays, then the gentlemen Saint- Amand, Saint- Eulien, Haussignémont, Chagny ( Saône- et- Loire), Mertaut and Outrepont, parts of the castle reign of Pierrefite, the reigns of Naive, Loisey, Culey, Rozières, Rupt -sur -Saône, Erize -la- Brulée, Erize -les -Saint -Dizier, Rumont, Lomont, Montboillon, Torpes, Amances, Senoncourt and Vy- les- Lures, the castle of Semur -en- Auxois, as well as lands in Origny, Ville- Thierry and Varenne.
Progeny
Louis Marie Florent du Châtelet had a niece by marriage, who later became Madame de Simiane, Diane - Adélaïde de Damas, daughter of Jacques -François de Damas and Zéphirine - Félicité de Rochechouart, sister of the Duchess of Châtelet.
She married in 1777 Charles -François de Simiane, a French officer, who died in 1784 or already has fallen. Since her parents had already passed away, too, the young widow was now treated by the Châtelets as a separate subsidiary.