Luke the Evangelist
As Luke the Evangelist is traditionally the author of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts referred to in the New Testament of the Bible. The date of composition is controversial. Part of the research takes 60-65 AD, the other part of 80-85 AD.
General
Linguistic and theological similarities and cross-references between the two books point out that they are from the same author. It is one of Luke to the three Synoptics. Luke turns with his two-part historical work in particular to Hellenistic readers. One legend has it that he died before the year 80 at Thebes, there are also other places survived.
The Evangelist Luke is the symbol of the ( winged ) bull - this is also called wing animal.
According to Irenaeus, the Muratorian Canon, Eusebius and Jerome, the Evangelist Luke the same employee of Paul (Philemon 24 EU), which is referred to in Col. 4.14 EU as a physician and dear friend, and reported in the book of Acts of Travel Paul was here (2 Tim 4,11 EU) partially. The tradition of Paul's companion Luke as the author of Luke's Gospel was spread in the first half of the 2nd century.
The same church fathers report that this Luke comes from Antioch in Syria. Some commentators believe that these statements correspond to the history and see this theory has, inter alia, through the existing from the beginning titled " Luke ".
Recent research, however, is mostly assume that the author of the double work of Luke and the companion of Paul were not the same person. There are clues; so assumes, for example, the author nowhere specific theology of Paul in his writings, and the mention of the name of Paul's companion is never connected to the double work. The book of Acts other details of the life of Paul, as Paul himself stating in his letters.
Luke is isolated as one of the seventy disciples, Jesus sent out (Luke 10:1-16 EU), or as one of the disciples of Emmaus (Luke 24:13-35 EU) considered - but which contradicts the prologue of the Gospel of Luke, where he explicitly to not covered by the eyewitnesses counts (Luke 1:1-4 EU).
Relics
The alleged remains of Paul attendant came on March 3, 357 to Constantinople Opel, then probably in the 12th century to Padua, where they were buried honorably since 1562 in the Basilica of Santa Giustina in a marble sarcophagus in the left transept. One half of the skull is located in Prague - where she was converted in 1354 by Charles IV in the St. Vitus Cathedral - the other in the Panteleimon Monastery on Mount Athos in Greece. On 17 September 1998 the coffin in Padua are first opened for about 600 years and the remains have been scientifically studied. It was found that in fact the Prague skull and the bones of Padua belong together. On the basis of DNA fingerprinting with comparative features of today's populations interpret the evidence on a Middle Eastern Syrian origin out to comply with the information in the New Testament. The age determination gave an age of about 1900 years.
Patron
Luke is considered the patron saint of doctors and the butcher / meat and the ( Art ) Painting - therefore, their guild was also known as St. Luke's Guild.
- The connection to the medical profession goes on the mention of a doctor named Luke - according to today's point of view is this is true for the companion of Paul, but not by the evangelists - in Col. 4.14 EU back: " Regards also by the physician Luke, we all appreciate [ ... ] ";
- The connection of Luke to the visual arts is based on the legend, developed later, Luke took pictures of the Virgin Mary and the Apostles Peter and Paul painted, which is why he is regarded as the first iconographer. How it came to this idea, however, is unclear.
Remembrance
The Protestant Memorial Day, according to Protestant Worship Book and Lutheran Worship, the Anglican Memorial in the Common Worship, the Catholic liturgical feast in general Roman calendar, as well as an Orthodox and Armenian Remembrance of the evangelist is October 18.
The farmer rules for this Memorial Day are:
- Who scatters to Lukas rye, does not regret it a year.
- Is St. Luke mild and warm, followed by a winter that God have mercy on us.
The Orthodox Churches also celebrate 4 January and 22 April as days of remembrance for Luke, the Armenian Church on the 9th April and the Coptic Church on the 19th of October.
Lukaspatrozinien
See main article: St. Luke's Church
In antiquity and the Middle Ages, few churches were named after Luke amazing. In contrast, his name was more recently, particularly in the German church after the Second World War, very popular.