Lusatian Mountains

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View of the Lusatian Mountains in Rynoltice

The Lusatian Mountains ( Czech Lusatian Mountains ) is located in southeastern Saxony and North Bohemia (Czech Republic) between Bohemian Switzerland and Jeschke Mountains. The German portion forms the Zittau mountains. Then north to the hilly landscape of the Lusatian hill country spreads. To the southwest is followed immediately by the Central Bohemian Highlands. The area is in the Czech Republic as PLA Lusatian Mountains nature reserve. The Zittau Mountains has the status of a conservation area and was recognized in 2007 as a nature park. The Natural Park Zittau Mountains, making it the 100th Nature Park in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Geology

The Lusatian Mountains forming a part of the Western Sudetes and is covered with younger sandstone layers, these resting on a Precambrian crystalline basement. Volcanic magma broke through in these tertiary sandstone plate and solidified basalt and phonolite ( phonolite ). In the contact region of these magmas to this sandstone was fritted in some places, caked or formed into small little columns. Were well known once the Jonsdorfer millstones that have been made ​​of such solidified sandstone. On the northern edge of the Lusatian Mountains runs as the most important geological fault zone, the Lusatian Fault, which separates the granodiorite from the Lausitz sandstone Bohemia.

Topographical Description

The Lusatian Mountains belongs to the Czech border mountains which surround Bohemia like a wall. From the north and south it appears as would be the tail of a giant lizard in the landscape so rugged, this mountain rises above the surrounding area. With the Listen ( Luž ), 793 m nm, the Finke Koppe ( Pěnkavčí vrch ), 792 m nm, the high forest ( Hvozd ), 750 m nm, and the cold mountain ( Studenec ), 736 m nm, as western cornerstone sit the highest mountains this ridge line on. Tannenberg ( Jedlova ), 774 m nm, and the distinctive Kleis ( Klíč ), 760 m nm, precedes the actual comb and impress with their bulky appearance. The rugged shapes of these mountains show that these invariably consist of volcanic rocks. Only at the foot of these mountains, sandstone cliffs are spreading that determine the landscape in Jonsdorf and Oybin. The largest rocks are the Oybin ( with medieval castle and monastery ruins), the rose stones, cup - and Bienenhaidsteine ​​, the sharp stone, the monk wall, the rocks in the rocky lane and on pottery at Oybin and the nuns rocks at Jonsdorf on the Saxon side, and the rocks in the Bürgstein - Schwoikaer Switzerland, Raven stones and Oberwegsteine ​​on Bohemian side.

The whole mountain is covered with deep forests, these are mainly on basalt and phonolite beech forests, while can be found on sandstone mainly pine and spruce. Since ancient times, only a few roads leading through the mountains. Major roads in the Middle Ages were the Old Prague street on the Schöbersattel ( Stožecké saddleback ) and the Old Gabler road over Lückendorf. The former is still used as a major trunk road between Lusatia and Prague. Built as a Bohemian Northern Railway railway line between Prague and Jiříkov (Georg Walde ) / Ebersbach now serves only the local traffic, they crossed the mountains in the deepest dip at the foot of the mountain pine.

Conservation

Since 1976 is the Czech part of the Lusatian Mountains as Chranena krajinná oblast Lusatian Mountains under conservation. The management of the protected area is located in Jablonné v Podještědí ( German fork). Particularly valuable landscape areas of the Lusatian Mountains also available as nature reserves (PR ) and National Nature Reserves (NPR ) as well as natural monuments (PP ) or National nature monuments (NPP ) under special state protection.

Nature Reserves

( in Germany )

  • NSG Listen
  • NSG Jonsdorfer rock city

( in Czech Republic)

  • NPR Jezevčí vrch
  • NPP Zlatý vrch ( 4.13 ha)
  • PR Studený vrch 113 ha
  • PR Klíč
  • PR Marschnerova Louka
  • PR Spravedlnost
  • PR Vápenka

Natural Monuments

( in Germany )

  • ND Jonsdorfer organ

( in Czech Republic)

  • PP Pustý zámek
  • PP Bile kameny (0.58 ha)
  • PP ledová jeskyně Naděje ( ice cave Naděje )
  • PP Líska
  • PP Louka u Brodských
  • PP Brazilka
  • PP Kytlice
  • PP Rašeliniště Mařeničky
  • PP Noldenteich

Attractions

See also: Zittau Mountains

  • Castle ruins Tollenstein ( Tolstejn )
  • Bürgstein - Schwoikaer Switzerland with the hermit stone at Sloupsko ( Bürgstein )
  • Castle Lemberk at Jablonné v Podještědí
  • Museum Railway Kamenice - Šenov; see: local railway Bohemian Leipa - Steinschönau
  • Křížová hora (Cross Mountain ), at Calvary Jiřetín pod Jedlovou ( George Thal )
  • Visitor mine adit of the Holy Evangelist at Jiřetín pod Jedlovou ( George Thal )
  • Natural Monument Panská skala ( rock mansion ) at Šenov ( Steinschönau )
  • Natural Monument Bile kameny ( elephant rocks ) at Jítrava
  • Dutý kámen (hollow stone)
  • Skala smrti ( Totenstein ) at Kunratice u Cvikova
  • Oberwegsteine ​​and raven stones in Horni Saddleback
  • Milštejn

Notable elevations

  • N.M. Listen ( Luž ), 793 m
  • Pěnkavčí vrch ( Finke Mountain), 792 m N.M.
  • Jedlova ( Tannenberg ), 774 m N.M.
  • Klíč ( Kleis ), 760 m N.M.
  • N.M. Hochwald ( Hvozd ), 750 m
  • Studenec ( Cold Mountain ), 736 m N.M.
  • N.M. Stožec ( Big Schöber ), 665 m
  • Jezevčí vrch ( Limberg ), 665 m N.M.
  • Střední vrch (middle mountain ), 593 m N.M.
  • Stožec Maly ( Small Schöber ) N.M. 659 m
  • Zlatý vrch ( Goldberg ), 657 m N.M.
  • Chřibský vrch ( Himpelberg ), 621 m N.M.
  • N.M. Sokol ( Falkenberg ) 592 m
  • Pottery, N.M. 582 m
  • N.M. Popova skala ( Pfaffenstein ), 565 m
  • Ortel ( Ortel Berg), 554 m N.M.
  • Zámecký vrch ( Schlossberg ), 530 m N.M.
  • Oybin, 514 m N.M.
Lausche Lusatian Highlands Basement (geology) Hochwald (mountain) Scharfenstein (Lusatian Mountains) Sokol (Lusatian Mountains) Integrated Authority File
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