Mactridae
Fixed trough shell ( Spisula solida ( Linnaeus, 1758) )
The surf clams ( Mactridae ) are a family shellfish from the order of Veneroida. Currently a total of about 100 species of the family Mactridae be found mainly dug live in sandy substrate. Other sources give no less than 180 species for the family type genus Mactra. The oldest representative of the family come from the Valanginian ( Lower Cretaceous ).
Features
The housing is usually large and relatively thin skin. The castle has a large, v -shaped main or cardinal tooth and a projection on which the ligament is attached ( Chondrophor ). The siphons are usually quite long ( in relation to other mussel groups); However, the length often varies considerably within the trough mussel species. The jacket bay is generally low and rounded.
Occurrence, lifestyle and dissemination
Most species of the family live more or less deeply buried in sandy sediment. They only stretch the siphons from the burrow to the sediment surface to breathe and einzustrudeln food particles. The main occurrence is in the intertidal and surf zone, below the low-water line. The clams are spread worldwide.
Economic Importance
Many of the species from the family of surf clams are edible and are, however, usually only locally caught and sold in fish markets.
System
Some authors have divided the family into four subfamilies: Mactrinae Lamarck, 1809 Lutrariinae Adams & Adams, 1856 Pteropsellinae Keen, 1969 Zenatiinae Dall, 1895.
- Family Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 Subfamily Mactrinae Lamarck, 1809 Genus Aktschagylia Starobogatov, 1970
- Genus Harvella Gray, 1853
- Genus Mactra Linnaeus, 1767 Colorful trough shell ( Mactra corallina )
- Mactra glabrata (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Scissodesma spengleri (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Fixed trough shell ( Spisula solida )
- Genus Lutraria Lamarck, 1799
- Genus Eastonia Gray, 1853
- Genus Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
- Genus Meropesta Iredale, 1929
- Genus Tresus Gray, 1853
- Genus Anatina Schumacher, 1817
- Genus Pteropsella Vokes, 1856
- Genus Raeta Gray, 1853
- Genus Zenatia Gray, 1853
- Genus Darina Gray, 1853
- Genus Resania Gray, 1853
- Genus Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963