Mail carrier
The deliverer called a specialist for mail delivery, courier, express and other postal services. The German Post AG calls for the delivery of letters and joint delivery. Other designations are letter - and parcel delivery, parcels, postman or letter carrier. In Austria and southern Germany, and Switzerland designation postman postman is common.
The German Post has 80,001 delivery for 54,200 carrier routes in Germany, in the 43 million German households distribute approximately 71 million letters per day (as of 2007). Besides Deutsche Post also some nationwide and numerous regional postal operators are active in Germany.
As a deliverer in a broader sense distribution of advertising leaflets, daily and weekly newspapers and magazines are called subscribed to households.
History
Previously, the deliverer was predominantly an official of the postal authority. He usually wore a uniform while on duty. Today ( or for some years ) he is usually employed by a logistics and postal companies.
Your experience with the exclusive newspaper deliverers for print media try newspaper publishers since the letter monopoly easing strengthened for the delivery of letters to use in their area of distribution.
Delivery can be also used as money postman about it.
As of 1999, the German Post AG has built approximately 33,500 full-time jobs, while all the new mail service providers combined ( 2007) employ about 45,000 people, mostly as a mini - jobbers. The post fears possibly lose up to a further 32,000 jobs, while more and more (especially: small ) private companies in Germany " piece rate " - that is, depending on the emergence pay no wages. Since the partial opening of the postal monopoly in Germany in 1998, the competent Federal Network Agency contracted around 1000 licenses. She tested by the end of 2007, the wages and working conditions of the "new mail service ".
The end of 2007, the mail monopoly finally ran out. The trade union Verdi reached an agreement with Deutsche Post to a minimum wage of 9.80 euros per hour for mail carriers in the west and 9 euros in the east.
Tasks
Deliverer sort for about a quarter of their daily working in a distribution center ( ZSP ), formerly the post office, the post office before, or get this part sorted the mail center. Distribute the letters and mail in the correct order of delivery point sequence ( delivery ) and providing these to the receiver then from ( delivery).
If the delivery person in addition to the delivery of letters and the task of parcel delivery to, called this a composite deliverer who accepts also cleared freight shipments ( packages, parcels ) during delivery for retransmission.
In rural areas, the ( composite ) delivery also often perform the functions of the postal service, such as the deposit and withdrawal of bank deposits post, and then as MOPS (Mobile Mail Service ) refers. A MOPS also takes mailings to, sells stamps and provides other postal services.
In many delivery areas are along the delivery route mail trays, which purely externally resemble telephone junction boxes. In these mailings for foot and bicycle deliverers are stored, because usually provides a delivery person on the day much more shipments to when you load at once on a bike or a handcart - let wear because - could. Now such trays are placed along the delivery route; and if the deliverer morning his mail sorted by point sequence and has pre-packed, the individual sections are of a driver ( in some cases also by the delivery itself on the road in the district) distributed to the appropriate storage boxes along the delivery routes.
It is important that the "early" are boxes by the driver, correspondingly populated first (there is a fixed travel sequence ) and of course that always lands the right section in the correct box.
Less well known is the object of the delivery agent to examine their cancellation stamps on back. If the postage stamps not have been canceled with a postmark, this is done by the delivery later. This is usually handwritten by pen, pencil and colored pencil, but also with a specially stamp provided. For this purpose, usually blue or black colors are used.
The postman usually wears a corporate clothing ( uniforms ).
Mobility
There are various ways for delivery to move within their Zustellbezirkes. The best known are probably walking with out positioner, by post bicycle, moped or scooter, with the car or the van.
What transport is chosen depends on where the mail should and if there are letters, packages or parcels. In a large city it is, for example, makes more sense to ride a bike to get around annoying traffic jams. This also applies to smaller cities and towns with busy roads.
In certain areas, more modes of transport are necessary. So some postman in the Black Forest are equipped, for example in winter with cross-country skis. In the Spreewald, mail is delivered by boat and on the holms of the North Sea by boat. Around the year 1900, athletic delivery with skates in winter on frozen waters go.
Parcel delivery are with a hand scanner on the road, on which the receiver with his signature must acknowledge receipt of the package. The pure postman who brings only letters, catalogs, put nowadays only a delivery areas where the deliverer are traveling by bike or on foot, and therefore can not carry packages. Deliverers who deliver letters and packages (including motor vehicles), called composite deliverer.
Access to mailbox
In some older apartment buildings, mail boxes are only accessible with a front door key. Is the building with a so-called post lock ( also messengers key ) connection, the delivery person with a master key can access it. Otherwise, he needs the house key that is provided by the owners of the objects. This is true both for the delivery of Deutsche Post as well as for the other delivery company ( newspaper messengers, etc.).
According to a court ruling, a tenant is entitled to extra house key for the letter carriers and newspaper messenger.
Philately
The different types of service options are also frequently occasion to issue appropriate stamps.
The letter in the transformation of five centuries, Nuremberg messenger 1700, ( Stamp 1961)
Postreiter, as they were traveling over 500 years ago.
Historical deliverer with post Kahn in the Spreewald ...
And ... today.
Mail delivery by postal bike
Letter delivery with hand truck
Art
The letter carriers are an extremely popular motif in art, music, literature, and film.
- Connoisseurs and lovers of Schubert songs remember some places - for example, to those moving frühlich - sad: " The post brings no letter for you ... what do you suggest so strangely, my heart! "
- In Carl Zeller's operetta The Bird Seller from 1891 is the bride of the protagonist Adam a certain Christel von der Post. Under this title, a home movie was also in 1956 by Karl Anton rotated.
- The Marvelettes asked in 1961, for example, Please Mr. Postman their postman to wait a minute and this look again, if he still " him " does not have a letter from his pocket. This title was later covered by the Beatles and the Carpenters.
- Postman as important figures in the plot appear (eg in the Tubby by Wilhelm Raabe ) or narratives (eg Leviathan by Arno Schmidt) in numerous novels.
- Charles Bukowski processed their own memories in the novel "The Man with the Leather Bag".
- Alois Brandstetter devotes a Lower Bavarian postman his novel (1974 ) "To the detriment of the postman ", also called a play at the Viennese court Sweden experienced its premiere in 1992.
- James M. Cain: The Postman Always Rings Twice (novel ), where in the book occurs no postman.
- Elvis Presley titled: Return To Sender ( Nichtzustellbarkeitsvermerk on a retournierten letter )
- Movie: The Postman Always Rings Twice (film )
- Movie: Postman by Kevin Costner on the novel of the same name by David Brin
- Movie: Postman Müller, German movie from 1953 with Heinz Rühmann, Gisela Mayen, directed by John Reinhardt
- Movie: School of postman (L' ecole des facteurs ), short film by Jacques Tati, 1947
- Movie: Tatis Marksmen ( original title Jour de fête ) film by Jacques Tati, 1949
One of the most famous delivery in Germany was the money postman Walter Spahrbier from the ZDF program Vergißmeinnicht.
Patron
Patron saint of delivery is the archangel Gabriel.
Miscellaneous
- In the Middle Ages the post was partly delivered by traveling butchers, see Metzger mail.