Mandibular nerve

The mandibular nerve ( " mandibular nerve", from the Latin mandible " mandible ") is the third of the three main branches of the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve, and is abbreviated as V3. He supplied sensitive the lower facial region and the tongue, with motor fibers it controls the chewing and parts of the mouth floor muscles and the tension of the tympanic membrane ( tensor tympani ) and the soft palate ( the tensor veli palatini ). Developmentally, he is the first Kiemenbogennerv.

Course and nerve branches

After passing through the trigeminal ganglion, in which the sensory nerve cell bodies lie, leaves the mandibular nerve, the cranial cavity through the foramen ovale ( in some animals, such as horses and pigs: notch of the foramen ovale lacerum ). Below the base of the skull, it divides into several branches. Here, the mandibular nerve has close topographical relations with the otic ganglion, which he uses as a distribution station.

Ramus meningeus

The meningeal ramus ( Hirnhautast ) moves with the middle meningeal artery through the foramen spinosum back into the cranial cavity, and supplies the meninges.

Kaumuskeläste

• Masseteric nerve ( Kaumuskelnerv ): supplied masseter
• The Nervi temporal profundi innervate the temporalis muscle
• Lateral and medial pterygoid nerve: provide the motor innervation of wing muscles (musculus musculus medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid ). The medial nerve supplies via the vagus musculi the tensor veli palatini and the soft palate tensioner and the nervus musculi tensor tympani musculus tensor tympani ( tympanic release) in the middle ear. Both nerves pass without synaptic connectivity through the otic ganglion.

Buccal nerve

The nerve buccal (back nerve) is sensitive and supplies the mucous membrane of the cheek and the gum. The nerve has connections to the facial nerve and parasympathetic fibers of this nerve leads to the back glands.

Nerve auriculotemporal

The nerve auriculotemporal ( "ear - temporal nerve" ) is responsible for the sensory innervation of the pinna, ear canal and tympanic parts of the skin as well as the temple. About a connecting branch to the facial nerve, it leads to the Rami buccal sensory fibers to supply the Massetergegend. In addition, the nerve has auriculotemporalis connection otic ganglion, where it receives over the Jacobson anastomosis parasympathetic fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve and leads to the parotid gland.

Lingual nerve

The lingual nerve ( hypoglossal nerve ) is for the sensitive ( touch, pain, temperature) supply the anterior two thirds of the tongue responsible ( the posterior third of the glossopharyngeal nerve innervates ). In the hypoglossal nerve of taste fibers run ( sensory fibers ) from the chorda tympani, which supply the taste buds of the anterior two third of the tongue. He also gets out of the chorda tympani parasympathetic fibers, the submandibular ganglion ( called with animals mandibular ganglion ) are switched and the lower salivary glands ( glands sublingual and mandibular salivary gland ) supply.

Inferior alveolar nerve

The inferior alveolar nerve ( " nerve of the mandibular subjects" ) runs through the mandibular foramen in the mandibular canal and supplies the teeth of the lower jaw. Its terminal branch, the mental nerve ( " chin nerve" ) supplies the skin of the chin and lower lip.

Mylohyoid nerve

The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve and is released into the mandibular foramen of this right in front of its entrance. It provides motor innervation to the same muscle ( mylohyoid muscle ) and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and sensitive skin of the throat passage.