Marquay, Dordogne
Marquay is a commune with 577 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011) in the Dordogne in the Aquitaine region. It is surrounded by an area with important prehistoric sites in the Perigord noir.
Geography
Marquay is located 137 km north-east of Bordeaux, 40 kilometers southwest of Brive- la -Gaillarde and about 10 kilometers northwest of Sarlat- la -Caneda, the capital of the eponymous arrondissement. Neighboring communities of Marquay are Peyzac -le- Moustier in the northwest, Tamniès in the north, Saint -André- d'Allas the southeast and Meyrals in the southwest. The municipal area covers 2427 hectares, the average altitude is 184 meters above sea level, the Mairie stands at a height of 220 meters. The Beune crosses the municipality.
Marquay is a climate of type Cfb ( according to Köppen and Geiger ) assigned: Warm Temperate rain climate ( C ), fully wet ( f), the warmest month below 22 ° C, at least four months above 10 ° C ( b). There is a maritime climate with moderate summer.
History
In the 13th century the castle and Seigneurie Puymartin the former Abbey of Saint -Sacerdos in Sarlat- la -Caneda belonged. 1271 awarded the abbot the fief to the Servia family. In the course of the Hundred Years War the castle in 1357 was conquered by the British in 1358 and destroyed. By 1450, the castle was rebuilt. During the Wars of Religion (1562-1598), the castle served as a base of Catholics.
The division into Seigneurien was ended by the French Revolution ( 1789-1799 ). 1793 Marquay received the status of a municipality and 1801 by the administrative reform under Napoleon Bonaparte ( 1769-1821) the right to local self-government.
Culture and sights
Prehistoric sites
In the hamlet La Grèze on the edge of the township there is a cave with rock paintings from the Paleolithic. The cave was discovered early, and since 1914, took advantage of the pre-historian Henri Breuil, the rock drawing of a bison from this cave for his dating system. The cave is now in private hands and was registered in 2009 in the Additional List of Monuments historiques and thus protected monument.
Slightly south-west of La Grèze is the prehistoric archaeological site of Laussel on the first excavations in 1897 were carried out. This locality was entered in the Register of Monuments historiques additional 2007. He is now in the possession of a private association.
Another cave with rock art is the cave of Puymartin. It houses a bas-relief of a horse. The cave is privately owned and has been listed building in 1995.
Is the Abri des Cap Blanc Between the cave of La Grèze and the castle Laussel. From the parking lot of the archaeological site looks out over the valley of the Beune to the Château de Commarque. The state bought the France in 1908 discovered Abri in 2006. Abri In there is a sculptured frieze, which is thirteen feet long and consists of two sections, which show a total of fourteen figures as high or low relief. Eight of the figures depict horses dar. In the figures, there are remains of color. It is the only prehistoric frieze, which is open to the public. It is dated to the middle Magdalenian and can be visited all year round. The Abri is classified as a monument historique and additionally protected monument as a World Heritage Site. The discovery was found in the cave the skeleton of a woman aged 25 to 35 years. The bones were sold in 1926 at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. Today, at the site where a facsimile is shown.
The church of Saint -Pierre- ès -Liens
The lying at the edge of Marquay on the thoroughfare Romanesque fortified church of the village dates from the 12th and 13th centuries. A special feature is the transept, forming the arms Apsidialkapellen. To the church building around itself respectable houses are grouped in the typical Perigord style. The building was classified as a monument historique in 1910.
The Puymartin Castle
The assembled crowd with watch towers and curtain walls Puymartin castle was built in about 1269. The two residential buildings are connected with towers and Machicolation. In the great hall of the fireplace and wall hangings have been preserved. Around 1890 the castle was restored. In the castle there are several listed furniture and works of art from the 16th to 18th centuries. The castle can be visited from April to November.
Economy and infrastructure
In 2009, 33.8 per cent of workers were employed in the town, the others were commuters. 10 percent of workers were unemployed.
There is a primary school in the community.
The municipal area controlled designation of origin (AOC ) for hazelnuts ( Noix du Périgord ) and protected geographical indications ( Veau du Limousin ) ( IGP) for beef, lamb ( Agneau du Périgord and Agneau du Quercy ), pork apply ( Porc du Limousin ), ham ( Jambon de Bayonne ), ducks for foie gras ( Canard à foie gras du Sud -Ouest ) and wines labeled Périgord.