Maslinic acid

(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-Dihydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicen-4a-carbonsäure (IUPAC)
2α - Hydroxyoleanolsäure

Crystalline solid

Poorly water (0.3 g / l at 25 ° C), good in DMSO (20 g / l)

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Maslinic is a pentacyclic triterpene, which is composed of five cyclohexane. The saponin Maslinic is a natural component of olive oil.

Occurrence

Maslinic found as a waxy protective layer on the leaves and the fruit of the olive tree. In olive, the content of Maslinic between about 700 and 1000 mg per kg. With increasing maturation of the content decreases. Up to 250 mg Maslinic can be included per kilogram virgin olive oil. In the refined oil content of maslinic acid is considerably lower. The press and centrifuge residues from olive oil production are an important source for the production of Maslinic and other related pentacyclic triterpenes such as oleanolic acid. For these residues, the triterpenes can be obtained by extraction with solvents.

Also in Japanese Avens ( Geum japonicum), Queen Flower ( Lagerstroemia speciosa) of the Small (Prunella vulgaris), the Asian flowering dogwood (Cornus kousa ), the Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila ), in ramie ( Boehmeria nivea ) and a number of other plants could be detected and isolated maslinic.

Pharmacological properties and potential

Maslinic is cytotoxic. Although it is not trap free radicals capable of, but provides protection against oxidation of DNA. In in vitro experiments, an anti-proliferative and apoptosis- inducing effect of Maslinic could be detected. Maslinic activated caspase -3, an important enzyme for apoptosis. The compound appears to inhibit angiogenesis in addition, the (angiogenesis) as well as the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX -2). An anti - diabetic activity could be demonstrated in model organisms.

At various cancer cell lines - especially in colon cancer cells - an anti -carcinogenic effect has been demonstrated. It is believed that the forth known from epidemiological data, relatively low risk of colon Mediterranean population related to the relatively high consumption of olive oil and olives, and one of the causes of the olive constituent is Maslinic. Per person and day is there admission to Maslinic at about 62 mg. In addition cardioprotective properties of Maslinic could be detected.

Compared with parasitic pathogens such as plasmodia ( Plasmodium falciparum or Toxoplasma gondii ) or protozoa such as Eimeria tenella, Maslinic shows an anti - parasitic effect.

Maslinic inhibit enzymes required for the HIV virus.

Maslinic acid

Occurrence

Pharmacological properties and potential

Further Reading