Max Nomad

Maximilian ( "Max" ) Night ( born September 15, 1881 in Buczacz; † 18 April 1973 in New York), also known as Max Nomad, was an Austrian-American anarchist, journalist and historian of the revolutionary movements. In the 1920s, he was a supporter of the Soviet Union. Night also published under the pseudonyms " Podolsky " and " Stephen Naft " and "Max Norton ".

Life

The family lived in eastern Galicia in Austria - Hungary. The father, Dr. Fabius night, and the mother, Rosa, born Rubiner, were enlightened ( Haskalah ) and wealthy people. In the family spoke German, not Yiddish. The father was a socialist and the first socialist activities of the sons found brotherhood in his native Jewish Workers' Educational Association instead.

Max and his older brother, Siegfried Shlomo night, later in America Stephan night (1878-1958), wrote for the magazine New Berliner Life, Liberty and Anarchy. Max's first book, a history of the Russian Revolution, appeared in 1902. In June 1904, he and a college friend gave the Polish anarcho- syndicalist journal Wolny Swiat ("Free World") out. Max night went to Zurich in 1906, the brother followed him and they worked with the Vienna Franz Schneider Blazek, with anarchists known as Fritz Brupbacher, Senna Hoy and Werner Daya successfully on the magazine The alarm (b. 1-5, 1903-1907 ) with. The paper had a circulation of 4,000 copies, which was also funded by saccharine smuggling. In 1905 he withdrew from a large police operation and was able to escape with Werner Daya to Geneva. There he came under the anarcho- communist influence Ján wazlaw Machhajski Group ( 1866-1926 ). In London (1908 ), he married a comrade, Sabine camphor, and completed his training as a typesetter. This was followed by 1908-1909 the dangerous ( and unsuccessful ) underground work in Russia, then stays in Italy and the Ottoman Empire. The brother Siegfried end of 1912 emigrated to the United States, and Max followed him 1913.

He became a follower of the October Revolution, without entering the party. In 1923 he moved from Chicago to Washington, DC to participate under Eugene Lyons on the magazine Soviet Russia Pictoral ( the organ of the communist front and propaganda organization Friends of Soviet Russia ) and with analyzes and translations for the press office of the ( unofficial ) to take the Soviet Embassy. He was not a party member and his skeptical attitude led in 1929 to a break with Bolshevism. In 1934 he described the Soviet Union as a capitalism without capitalists.

Night in 1937 was a fellow of the Guggenheim Foundation. From 1946 to 1956 at the New York University, the New School for Social Research and the edge School.

Works (selection)

• Max Night: The revolutionary movement in Russia: Historical Sketch. New Life, Berlin 1902
• Arnold Roller ( Siegfried night ), Max night ( eds. ): Le Chansonnier international du révolté; International rebel song book. Brochures group of Comm. A.-B.-V., London, 1906. S. 64
• Makhaisky, Waclaw. In: Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. In 1932.
• Rebels and Renegades. Ayer Publishing, New York 1932. 430 S.
• Masters - Old and New. A Social Philosophy without Myths. In: V.F. Calverton (ed.): The Making of Society: An Outline of Sociology.. Reprint New York, 1937: Black Cat Press, Edmonton Alberta 1979
• Apostles of Revolution: A Century of Social Conflict Told Through the Lives of Blanqui, Marx, Bakunin. Nechayev, Makhno, Most, Stalin. Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 1939. 467 S. Amended edition, New York 1961.
• Communism and the Jews. In: (The Universal) Jewish Encyclopedia. New York 1940
• The Jewish Conspiracy. Educational Dept. , Retail, Wholesale and Chain Store Food Employees Union. , 1944. S. 32
• A Skeptic 's Political Dictionary and Handbook for the Disenchanted. Bookman Associates, New York 1953. 171 S.
• Aspects of Revolt. Bookman Associates, New York. 311 pp.
• Max night when Max Podolsky: Political Heretics from Plato to Mao Tse -Tung. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 1963. 367 S.
• Dreamers, dynamiters and Demagogues: Reminiscences. Waldon Press, New York. 251 pp.
• The Anarchist Tradition: A Hundred Years of Revolutionary Internationals. Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, Calif. 1964th 43 ​​leaves.
• The Anarchist Tradition and Other Essays. 1967. 398 S.
• White Collars And Horny Hands: The Revolutionary Thought of Waclaw Makhaisky. Black Cat Press, Edmonton, Alberta 1983, 21 pp. [ In: The Modern Quarterly, 3/Fall 1932 ]