Metacarpophalangeal joint

The metacarpophalangeal joints (Latin articulationes metacarpophalangeae, also called " MCP" abbreviated ) connect the metacarpal bone ( metacarpal bones ) with the basic elements (phalanges proximal ) of the fingers ( digiti ). A distinction is made here between the metacarpophalangeal joint ( metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb ) and the metacarpophalangeal joints of the remaining four fingers ( articulationes metacarpophalangeae II - V). The socket is formed by the metacarpophalangeal joint ( proximal phalanx ), the joint head of the metacarpal bone ( metacarpal bone ).

Metacarpophalangeal joint ( metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb )

The metacarpophalangeal joint is a hinge joint functionally. In this joint flexion (flexion ) and extension (extension) of a total of about 50 degrees are possible. In addition, slightly spread apart ( abducted ), is spread ( adducted ) and rotated ( rotated ) are. The joint capsule is wide and has side bands ( collateral ligaments ).

Metacarpophalangeal joints ( articulationes metacarpophalangeae II -V)

The metacarpophalangeal joints II-V are from the plant ball joints, the three possible degrees of freedom are limited, however, in the rotation by the ligaments. So only flexion / extension and radial / ulnar abduction / adduction are available in the metacarpophalangeal joints. The collateral ligaments ( ligaments collateralia ) extend from the proximal / distal dorsal / palmar. So they are tense in flexion and prevent the abduction in this position. In addition, the metacarpophalangeal joints II - V are connected together by the ligaments metacarpalia trans vera profunda and superficialia. Their fibers move into the joint capsule and the palmar aponeurosis and anchor this way. Thus, the metacarpals are fixed to each other and allows the abduction / adduction in the metacarpophalangeal joints.

Clinic

  • Metacarpophalangeal joint reflex: Foreign reflex for checking the function of the spinal cord
  • Gaenslen sign: pain in the metacarpophalangeal joints when pressure is applied in the context of chronic polyarthritis

Swell

  • Duale Reihe Anatomy, Georg Thieme Verlag
  • Pschyrembel Clinical Dictionary, 260th edition, Walter de Gruyter
  • Joint of the upper extremity
Extension (kinesiology) List of abductors of the human body List of adductors of the human body
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