Molkenmarkt

The whey market (former name Alter Markt ) is the oldest square in Berlin. It is located in the district center, southeast of the Nikolai district, near the Spree, and is now a very busy junction point.

The square is dominated by the Old Town House with its high tower, and its round dome and cut through the busy Grunerstraße in east-west direction. Because of the no longer existing by the Second World War and the postwar development of the course is no longer alive today. Originally it was part of the once densely populated old city center of Berlin.

Location and development

The following streets beginning on whey market or affect him:

• On Krögel
• Eiergasse
• Grunerstraße
• Jüdenstraße / New Jüdenstraße
• Mühlendamm
• Parochialstrasse
• Spandauerstrasse
• Stralauer road

History

Even before the first mention of Berlin ( 1244) and Cölln ( 1237 ) was traded at this point and haggled. The market was located in a strategic position at the northern end of the mill dam, the first fortified Spree transition. The newly opened New Market at St Mary ran to the end of the 13th century the rank as the main market from. The trading market was after a short time of Elector Frederick III. closed and used the area as a parade ground. In the 18th century originated around the place several mansions, of which only the Palais Schwerin is obtained. In the 1930s, many surrounding buildings had to be demolished due to the widening of the mill dam and the amplification of the lock. The Ephraim -Palais in 1985 near rebuilt from the old location in the Nikolai quarter, as the inn Zur Rippe. A Berlin-wide known place was the nearby Large Jüdenhof. Got its present shape the whey market in 1966 with the expansion of the new east -west link between Alexanderplatz and Potsdamer Platz.

Name

Today's whey market contributed numerous historical names: Olde Market ( Op den Olden market ) ( 13th century to 1685), Mulkenmarkt ( 1685-1728 ), King Market ( 1737 to about 1750, and after a custom-built after a design by Andreas Schlüter Monument of King Friedrich I had been set up ), Royal court ( 1728-1737 ). Since about 1750 the name Molkenmarkt 's official.

As the name origin shall be on the one hand Mühlenhof dairy that sold their milk products here. On the other hand, it is assumed that the name of Mollen ( Low German for mills ) was derived by the mill dam.

Buildings (selection)

At the end of the Second World War, the entire downtown Berlin and thus the whey market was very badly damaged with its environment. Some buildings were rebuilt or repaired as the number 1 and number 2 in the 17th century, the buildings belonged to the former Brandenburg electors. Here, the chancellor Lampert Distelmeyer and the Builder Rochus dwelt at Lynar. Later, it was at this point the Stadtvogtei, the police headquarters and the city jail. 1934, the bailiwick was canceled and re-erected a mint. The Prussian ambassador Otto von Schwerin bought the house Molkenmarkt number 3 and let it get ready as a residence for his family. The building has been preserved and Palais Schwerin as part of the monument list of Berlin. Next to the house number 3 there was access to the Krögel. The old town house and a building of the Municipal Feuersozietät (1932 built ) in the area are also obtained. After 2000, the German - French Youth Office has its seat in the No. 1

Planning

The plan works downtown and on foot Zoning Klosterviertel provide the Grunerstraße to demolish, to transfer them to the Red Town Hall back and to till the square and the surrounding district him back into one of the original space geometry shape resembling away. Instead of the earlier roads with a maximum of two to three lanes in each direction, however, four-to six-lane streets are now to be applied to a tram on a private, leafy track body ( green track).

However, significantly higher eave heights are provided opposite to the original buildings. Also the square in front of the Old Town House would then building again. The district had been razed by the Nazis for creating a Gauforums and also kept the GDR era of representation reasons. This concept is controversial because of their traffic engineering changes and due to the severing of the town house from space than ever before platzdominierendes building.