Morgenthau Plan#JCS 1067

JCS 1067 referred to the directive of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the U.S. occupation forces in Germany. It has been revised several times, JCS 1067/6 came into force in April 1945 and replaced the Combined Directive For The Military Governement in Germany Prior To Defeat Or Surrender, abbreviated as CCS 551, from that applied to the time before the German surrender. She laid down the basic lines of the U.S. occupation policy. Its provisions remained until the middle of 1947 valid.

Content

The Americans had the requirement to treat Germany as an enemy state, which must be permanently prevented from becoming a renewed threat to peace.

The need of the so-called non- fraternization between American occupiers and German citizens should prevent any kind of contact, but this was not to last.

Due to the dissolution of all Nazi organizations and the exclusion of its members from public life and prominent positions in business denazification of society should be achieved. The new beginning of political life - such as the reopening of educational institutions - only with American approval was possible.

Also for the economic life, there were strict rules. The economy should be decentralized and controlled with the help of German authorities. An economic resurgence of Germany over the supply to the occupation forces and life of the population absolutely necessary addition was not welcome. The standard of living in the U.S. zone was not allowed to exceed the neighboring states.

The JCS 1067 said that the military governors were allowed to take any steps, " the

Or

Lewis Williams Douglas said: "This thing was put together by economic idiots. It makes no sense to ban the most highly skilled workers in Europe, as much as they can produce for a continent that has a desperate shortage of everything. "

JCS 1067 was the most important political document that contains elements of collective guilt and collective punishment. As part of the punishment philosophy of JCS 1067 U.S. troops has been providing assistance, in particular forbidden food to the hungry German. American households in occupied Germany were ordered to leave the German domestic workers no leftovers; any surplus food had to be destroyed or rendered unfit for human consumption. Relief consignments to Germany with food were forbidden by the Allies until December 1945. The Cooperative for American Remittances for Europe (CARE ) sent supply packages, but until June 5, 1946, was forbidden to send care packages to Germany.

The directive has been applied since 1946 only in a milder form and formally replaced by a new directive in July 1947. On September 6, 1946, the U.S. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes held in Stuttgart, the speech of hope and thus announced Bizonia. In this speech, he also rejected the peace possibilities of the Morgenthau Plan. Then changed American politics. In March 1947, the former President Herbert Hoover warned: "There is the illusion did the New Germany left after the annexations can be Reduced to a ' pastoral state'. It can not be done Unless we exterminate or move 25,000,000 people out of it. " This directive was superseded in 1779 on 15 July 1947 by the JCS in the sense of moving to a constructive policy of occupation.

General Lucius D. Clay later wrote in his memoirs: " [ ... ] there which no doubt did JCS 1067 contemplated the Carthaginian peace Which dominated our operations in Germany falling on the early months of occupation. "

Beginning

The first document for the Allied occupation policy was the Handbook for Military Government in Germany in 1944, according to which every German should get 2000 calories per day.

But Franklin D. Roosevelt responded to the:

"Too many people here and in England hold the view did the German people as a whole are not responsible for What has taken place - that only a few Nazis are responsible. That unfortunately is not based on fact. The German people must have it driven home to them did the whole nation HAS BEEN engaged in a lawless conspiracy against the decencies of modern civilization. "

"Too many people here and in England hold the view that the Germans were a total not to blame for what happened - just a few Nazis were responsible. Unfortunately, that is not based on facts. The Germans must be made clear their whole nation had been involved in a lawless conspiracy against the decency of modern civilization. "

The Morgenthau Plan has greatly influenced the Allied occupation policy in the first two years after the war. In a weakened form the thoughts of the Morgenthau plan are still in the JCS 1067th