Moritz von Rohr
Louis Otto Moritz von Rohr ( born April 4, 1868 in Longin (Polish Łążyn ), Circle Inowrazlaw ( Posen ), † June 20, 1940 in Jena ) was a German optician. He developed and improved a number of optical and published contributions to the history of optics.
Life
Pipe was born the son of a Prussian district commissioner in the province of Posen. After attending high school in Inowrazlaw he studied at the Friedrich- Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin mathematics, physics and geography. In 1892 he was at the University Hall Dr. phil. doctorate and became an assistant at the Royal Prussian Meteorological Institute in Berlin. In 1895 he joined the firm of Carl Zeiss in Jena. As a personal assistant Ernst Abbe he calculated from 1899 microscope objectives. 1908 tube was scientific director of the newly created department glasses. The University of Jena appointed him in 1913 as an associate professor of optics in medicine. In 1935, he retired.
Work
Tube published about 570 journal articles and monographs. He founded in 1913 the Journal of Ophthalmic optics and 1928 the journal research on the history of optics. Both he edited until his death.
He calculated the number of new optical systems and advanced the theoretical basis for it. In 1904 he developed with August Köhler ( 1866-1948 ), the UV microscope, which has a particularly high transmission in the range of ultraviolet light. Important contributions he made to the scientific foundation of the doctrine glasses. In close contact with the later Nobel laureate Allvar Gullstrand he first developed the Katralgläser for the lensless after cataract surgery eye. 1912 followed the Punktal lenses that give independent of the direction of view sharp images and still belong to the product range of Carl Zeiss. Pipe designed and improved a number of medical - optical instruments, such as the cystoscope.
Already in 1907 he developed the Synopter, a device that 2D images can look three-dimensional lifting of binocular disparity. Because both eyes see an identical picture in perspective, the perception of space is affected by other factors such as the relative object size or color shading in the human brain. The Synopter was commercially for Carl Zeiss not a success and was soon forgotten, but is now associated with the 3D technology again of interest.
Are very extensive tube journalistic contributions to the history of optics. He has written biographies of important optician Joseph von Fraunhofer, Carl Zeiss and Ernst Abbe. He has published in addition to the history of eyewear, the photographic lens and optical glass.
Pipe estate is now in the Optical Museum Jena, to which he has made in his lifetime earned as managing director.
Honors
Tube was 1921 Honorary Member of the Optical Society of London and in 1926 the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. The medical faculty of the University of Jena in 1922 appointed him an honorary doctorate. The Prussian Academy of Sciences awarded him in 1934 the silver Leibniz Medal.
In Jena, a street is named after him.
Publications (selection)
- On determining that substitution coefficient as a function of time which occur in the body interconnected to the rotation, Dissertation, 1892 Hall
- Theory and history of the photographic lens, J. Springer, Berlin 1899
- The glasses as an optical instrument, Engelmann, Leipzig 1911
- The binocular instruments, J. Springer, Berlin 1920
- Joseph Fraunhofer's life, performance and effectiveness, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig 1929
- History of the Zeissischen workshop to the death of Ernst Abbe ( = research on the history of optics, Volume 1, Issue 3 ), Berlin, Springer 1930; 2nd edition Zeiss, Jena, 1936.
- Ernst Abbe, G. Fischer, Jena 1940