Most District

The Okres Most ( District Brüx ) was a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. The Okresy were comparable in size with the districts in Germany and was dissolved on 31 December 2002 as authorities.

With an area of 467 km ², he was the second smallest district of the circle. To the north it bordered with the Erzgebirge in Germany, the other national boundaries formed Okres Chomutov, Okres Louny and Okres Teplice. In Okres there were only 26 municipalities with 75 districts, six cities. This is due in large part to the fact that many places had to make way for the mining industry. In Mostecko live about 117,000 inhabitants, of which 89 % in the cities.

• 7.1 Archaeological discoveries in the region must

• 8.1 11th century
• 8.2 12th century
• 8.3 13th century
• 8.4 14th century
• 8.5 15th century
• 8.6 16th century
• 8.7 17th century
• 8.8 18th century
• 8.9 19th century

Geographical Location

The area it consists of three geo units: In the north of the Ore Mountains, in the southeastern foothills of the Bohemian Central Mountains and the Southwest Žatecká plošina. The center makes Mostecká kotlina in the form of a pan that is part of the North Bohemian Basin. There is a difference in height between 250 to 900 meters between the valley and the ridge of the Erzgebirge massif. The highest point is Mount Loučná, 956 m above sea level and the lowest of the foot of the mountain Bořeň at 204 m above sea level, where the Bílina leaves the district. It consists of the main river of the district with its tributary Srpina.

Climate

The climate is quite warm, the average temperature is 8.4 to 8.8 ° C, the rainfall is 500 mm low. Through its diverse form often form fog. The largest part is forested by trees that quite well able to cope with the difficult conditions ( birch, ash, rowan trees, alder, beech, spruce and pine).

Nature Reserves

The occurrence of natural resources had a negative impact on agriculture. Only 30 % of the land can be used for agricultural purposes, the lowest value in a circle. In 1969, the Nature Reserve Jezerka was proclaimed, which is to protect the geobiological zones of the deciduous forests and the rocky landscape around the mountain Jezerka (706 m above sea level). The nature reserve Černý rybník (1993 ) is located near the town Klíny. Its water surface is located at an altitude of 805 meters; The reserve protects the character of a mountain of water. The peat layers rich thereby to a depth of seven meters. In addition, there is a rich fauna here.

Environment

However, the large deposits of natural resources had a negative impact on the environment in the district. During the communist regime of the coal mining industry was also the supplier of raw materials for the energy industry. The coal power stations but also the chemical plant at Záluží added the forests, especially in the 1970s enormous damage to and the destruction of forests never reached, particularly in the sensitive climate of the Ore extent unknown. In part, whole forests died off, and the ridges consisted only of dry meadows. Only through reforestation and the use of new technologies, improved within the last few decades, the environmental conditions. Between 1945 and 1985 about 130 industrial plants were shut down in the area caused by coal mining. Then had to give way to the coal eighty places as well as the entire old town of the district capital Most ( Brux ). In recent decades, the prospects of using lignite and many companies deterioration of heavy industry were closed. As a result, it came to the highest unemployment rate in the Czech Republic. Currently trying to attract through a qualification of employees and the designation of industrial zones, investors. Prerequisite for economic and social development of the region is the modernization and construction of transport links between the economic centers. These include the completion of the motorway network, the expansion of highways and the rail network and the connection to Germany.

Tourism

The mining industry also impacted the environment and therefore on the landscape, and tourism. Attempts to revise since the mid- 90s of the 20th century by administrative measures, this hardly showed long success. Only recently some progress through reclamation of nature in agriculture through fruit growing, forestry and viticulture can be reported. In the Erzgebirge the tourism could be boosted somewhat by winter sports and the construction of hiking and biking trails again. Historical treasures, the region show only a few.

Attractions

• The most significant point of interest is rescued from demolition Deanery Church in Most. This has been moved 1977 841 m from the former old town to its present location, an exhibition in the church informed about it. Popular destinations are the Hněvín castle on the nearby Castle Hill and the Racing Circuit and the Racecourse.
• Horni Jiřetín ( George Thal ) was a famous place of pilgrimage on the trade of Saxony. The first written evidence dates from the 13th century. Emperor Franz Joseph I appointed it even to the city. In the municipality there are today the Baroque Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary with a Baroque parish.
• Jezeří Castle, which was originally a Gothic castle and was since the battle at the white mountain property of Lobkowicz. In the 19th century it was the center of cultural life in the region.
• In Litvinov, the Valdštejnský zámek castle is from the first half of the 18th century with a garden in the English style. After the Second World War, the so-called Kolektivní dum ( Collective House ) was also called Koldům created. The complex presented at the time the new way of living with fully equipped apartments and all necessary services dar. to the building shows because of its originality and UNESCO interest.

Cities and Towns

History

Archaeological discoveries in the region must

The region of Brüx had been around since the Middle Stone Age ( 8300-5500 BC) inhabited, especially in the area around the Kummernsee. Further evidence comes from the Neolithic Age ( 5500-4200 BC), the Bronze Age to the period of Roman rule. First written evidence dates from the 12th century.

Most places in okres after the year of its first written mention

11th Century

Most 1040 - Kopisty 1057 - 1057 Liběšice

12th Century

Skršín 1100 - 1186 Libkovice

13th Century

Bylany 1203 Odolice 1203 Svinčice 1207 Lužice 1226 Lipětín 1227 Slatinice 1227 Velebudice 1227 Bělušice 1231 Bedřichův Světec 1238, Ervěnice 1238, Ves Svatého Václava 1238, Braňany 1239 Komořany 1250 Polerady 1250 České Zlatníky 1263, Dolni Jiřetín 1263 Střimnice 1276 Nemilkov 1280 Havraň 1281 Saběnice 1281 Obrnice 1282 Zahražany 1283 Vtelno 1285 Louka 1289 Rudolice nad Bílinou 1298

14th Century

Želenice 1307 Souš 1312 Korozluky 1326 Bečov 1327 Čepirohy 1331 Dobrčice 1333 Moravěves 1333 Růžodol 1333 Volevčice 1333 Záluží 1333, Lom 1341 Marianské Radčice 1341 Pařidla 1341 Fláje 1346 Koporeč 1350 Vršany 1350 Albrechtice 1352 Holešice 1352 Horni Jiřetín 1352 Horni Litvinov 1352 Saddleback 1352 Klíny 1355 Jezeří 1365 Chanov 1368 Malé Březno 1369 Lišnice 1380 Chrámce 1381, Mila 1381 Židovice 1381 Janov 1386 Skyřice 1391 Třebušice 1391 Hořany 1396 Konobrže 1394, Chudeřín 1398, Dolni Litvinov 1398 Lounice 1398 Meziboří ( Šenbach ) 1398 Patokryje 1400

15th Century

Černice 1409 Zaječice 1413 Mníšek 1425 Stránce 1437 Kamena Voda 1450, Vysoke Brezno 1460 Hora Svaté Kateřiny 1480 Kaňkov 1495

16th century

Dřínov 1542 Brandov 1549 Loučná 1549, Maly Haj 1549 Lesná 1564 Nová Ves v Horách 1564 Dvoru 1565 Šumná 1570 Hamr 1583 Horni Ves 1583 Rašov 1583 Křižatky 1585, Český Jiřetín 1596 Mikulovice 1599

17th Century

Rudolice v Horách 1606, Zeleny Dul 1606 Písečná 1654

18th century

Plán 1787 Sedlec 1787

19th century

Marianske Údolí 1845

Population development in the communities of okres Most 1869 - 1921

Because coal liquidated places

Albrechtice u Mostu, Braňany ( Teiliquidation ) Bylany, Čepirohy ( Teiliquidation ) Čtrnáct Dvorců, Dolni Jiřetín, Dolni Litvinov, Dřínov u Komoran, Ervěnice, Fláje (construction of a dam ), Holešice, Hořany, Jezeří, Kamenná Voda, Komořany, Konobrže, Kopisty, Libkovice Lipětín, Most ( Old Town), Pařidla, Rudolice nad Bílinou, Růžodol, Skyřice, Slatinice, Souš, Stránce, Střmice, Třebušice, Velebudice, Vršany, Záluží, Židovice

Monuments in okres Most that were liquidated after 1962

• Albrechtice - All Saints' Church ( Kostel vsech svatých )
• Dolni Jiřetín - * worker colony 107-119, * Church of St. Nicholas ( Kostel Svatého Mikuláše ) * City Hall
• Dřínov - Chapel of the Holy J.Nepomuk
• Holešice - Church of Saint Nicholas ( Kostel sv Mikuláše. )
• Hořany - The site of the castle, castle chapel of St. Blazej ( Kapela sv Blažeje. )
• Jezeří - castle area with the Castle Park, Ranger House
• Kopisty - Kostel the corpus of God ( Kostel Božího TELA ), Monument to the victims of the December uprising, workers colony
• Most - Zabražanská Kaple, bell house in Dean Church, Church of St. Francis Serafin with monastery, Capuchin Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Church of St. Wenceslas Church of Piariten, city walls with a moat, $ chapels of the Cross, Knight's Cross of the hospital, theater, clubhouse, high school, post office and school as well as the entire old town.
• Pařidla - Castle
• Statinice - Church of St. Simon and Judith ( Kostel sv sv Šimona a Judy. . )
• Stránce - the Castle Complex
• Židovice - Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Driving Maia ( Kostel Nanebevzetí P. Marie)

Monuments in okres Most who were transferred after 1962

• Albrechtice - Bozi muka and two crosses after Marianske Radčice Cross by Most
• Chárov - Memorial of St. Florian by Most
• Doli Jiřetín - Memorial of Saint George by Litvinov, crucifix and statue of St. John of Nepomuk and St. Anthony of Padua to České Zlatníky
• Dřínov - Memorial of St Felix and St, Oldrich in römoischen Chapel of St. J. Nepomuk by Litvinov
• Ervěnice - Memorial of St. Florian and St. J. Nepomuk monument to Male Brezno
• Holesice - God torments, Memorial of St. Vavrinec and monument of St. Felix and St. J. Nepomuk after Marianske Radčice
• Jezeří - 2 mythological monuments after Duchcov
• Kamena Voda - monument of the Madonna by Marianske Radčice
• Komořany - marble column by Most
• Konodrže - Baroque pedestal by Most
• Kopisty - Memorial of St. Florian by Most
• Libkovice - Chapel by Most
• Louka - Marmosäule to Lom
• Most - Memorial of St. J. Nepomuk after Bečov, all other monuments in the development area of Most
• Slastinice - cross by Most
• Souš - Memorial of St. Prokop by Most
• Stránce, Memorial of St. J. Nepomuk after Jezeří memorial to the Four Seasons after Bečov
• Vysoke Brezno - Socket JPress the relief of Madonna after Marianske Radčice